經律異相 16.24

16.24

佛在時眾僧被服。唯著純真死人雜衣弊帛。自後起比丘羅旬踰。每行分衛輒飢空還。佛知其宿行。使眾僧分律為五部。服色亦五種。令其日隨一部中行。遂制儀則。各舉所長名其服色。薩和多部。博通敏達導以法化。應著皂袈裟。迦葉維部。精勤勇決攝護眾生。應著木蘭袈裟。彌沙塞部。禪思入微究暢玄幽。應著青袈裟。摩訶僧耆部。勤學眾經敷說義理。應著黃袈裟。自爾已後便大得食。何以故。是羅旬踰。前世無德之所致也。阿難問佛言。羅旬踰前世無德。云何得作沙門。佛言。此羅旬踰宿世為賢者子。作人嫉妬。見沙門來分衛。輒逆閉門戶言。大人不在。沙門復至餘家。復牽餘家門戶閉之。亦言。大人不在。故今分衛不能得。適見他人布施飲食歡喜行會。便復念言我亦欲作沙門。故今窮困如是（出遺教三昧經下卷）。

During the Buddha's time, the garments of the saṃgha were only made of genuine discarded burial rags and coarse worn silks. Later arose the monk Luoxunyu, who, whenever he went on almsround, invariably returned hungry and empty-handed. The Buddha, knowing his past deeds, had the saṃgha divide the Vinaya into five schools and the colors of their robes into five kinds, directing him to accompany a different school on each day. Thereupon rituals and standards were instituted, each naming its robe color according to its strengths: The Sarvāstivāda school, broadly versed and keenly intelligent, guides through Dharma transformation; they should wear black kāṣāya robes. The Kāśyapīya school, diligent and resolute, embraces and protects sentient beings; they should wear magnolia-bark-colored kāṣāya robes. The Mahīśāsaka school, whose meditative contemplation penetrates the subtle and fathoms the profound and obscure; they should wear blue-green kāṣāya robes. The Mahāsāṃghika school, diligently studying the various scriptures and expounding their principles; they should wear yellow kāṣāya robes. From that time onwards, [Luoxunyu] obtained great amounts of food. Why was this? It was brought about by Luoxunyu's lack of virtue in previous lives. Ānanda asked the Buddha, "If Luoxunyu lacked virtue in previous lives, how was he able to become a śramaṇa?" The Buddha said, "In a past life, this Luoxunyu was the son of an elder. By nature he was jealous. Seeing a śramaṇa come on almsround, he would shut the door in his face and say, 'The master is not at home.' When the śramaṇa went to another house, he would pull shut that other house's door as well, also saying, 'The master is not at home.' Therefore, now he cannot obtain alms on almsround. But once, seeing another person giving food and drink and rejoicing at an assembly, he then thought, 'I too wish to become a śramaṇa.' Therefore he suffered such distress now" (from the second fascicle of the Sūtra on the Samādhi of the Bequeathed Teaching).