經律異相 3.56

3.56

佛遊無勝國。常以十五日。為諸沙門說戒坐定。佛默無言。阿難曰。坐定。世尊乃曰。諸沙門中。有心邪行違者。非其下賤所能執行。清濁相違。吾不說也。目連入定觀見。即謂之曰。起非爾俗人所應坐處。不肯時起牽臂使出曰爾無至德。心懷六邪。何敢以臭溷之體。坐天香之座。爾是棄人。非沙門矣。佛告沙門。觀彼巨海有八種德。其廣即汪洋無涯。其深則有不測之底。稍入稍深無前所礙。斯一德也。潮不過期。斯二德也。海含眾寶靡所不苞。死屍臭朽海不容焉。斯三德也。海懷眾珍。無求不得。斯四德也。普天之下有五大河。流入于海。皆去舊名。合為一海。斯五德也。五河萬流雨落恒澍。海中水如故曾無增減。斯六德也。海有眾魚因軀巍巍。第一魚身長四千里。第二魚身長八千里。第三魚身長萬二千里。第四魚身長萬六千里。第五魚身長二萬里。第六魚身長二萬四千里。第七魚身長二萬八千里。斯七德也。海水通鹹邊中如一斯八德也（出海八德經）。

When the Buddha was wandering in the land of Aparājita, he would always expound the precepts for the śramaṇas on the fifteenth day, seated in meditation. The Buddha remained silent and did not speak. Ānanda said: “They are seated in meditation.” The Bhagavat then said: “Among the śramaṇas, there are those whose minds are corrupt and whose conduct is perverse; this is not something that such vile persons are able to uphold. The pure and the turbid are mutually opposed; I will not speak.” Maudgalyāyana entered samādhi, saw him with his vision, and immediately said to him: “Rise! This is not a place where you worldly persons should sit.” When he would not rise immediately, [Maudgalyāyana] pulled him by the arm to make him leave, saying: “You have no supreme virtue, and your mind harbours the six perversions. How dare you, with a body foul as a latrine, sit on the seat of heavenly fragrance? You are a discarded person, not a śramaṇa.” The Buddha told the śramaṇas: “Observe that great ocean; it has eight kinds of virtue. Its breadth is vast and boundless; its depth has an unfathomable bottom; as one enters, it gradually deepens without any obstacle in front. This is the first virtue. The tides do not exceed their time. This is the second virtue. The ocean contains myriad treasures, embracing everything; dead corpses, foul and rotten, the ocean will not tolerate. This is the third virtue. The ocean harbors all kinds of rarities, and nothing sought is unobtainable. This is the fourth virtue. Under all heaven there are five great rivers that flow into the ocean; they all cast off their former names and merge into the one ocean. This is the fifth virtue. The five rivers and myriad streams continually pour in with falling rain, yet the water in the ocean remains as before, never increasing or decreasing. This is the sixth virtue. In the ocean there are myriad fish whose bodies are towering: the first fish's body is four thousand li long; the second fish's body is eight thousand li long; the third fish's body is twelve thousand li long; the fourth fish's body is sixteen thousand li long; the fifth fish's body is twenty thousand li long; the sixth fish's body is twenty-four thousand li long; the seventh fish's body is twenty-eight thousand li long. This is the seventh virtue. The ocean water is uniformly salty, identical at the edges and in the middle. This is the eighth virtue” (from the *Sūtra on the Eight Virtues of the Ocean*).