經律異相 39.21

39.21

昔舍衛國有婆羅門師。名富蘭迦葉。與五百弟子相隨。國王人民莫不奉事。佛初得道。與諸弟子從羅閱祇至舍衛國。身相顯赫道教清美。國王中宮率土人民莫不奉敬。迦葉嫉妬欲毀世尊。謂波斯匿王曰。吾等長老先學國之舊師。沙門瞿曇。後出求道實無神聖。而王捨我今欲與佛捔試。道德勝者王奉。王言大善。王以白佛。佛言甚佳。結期七日當角變化。王於城東平廣好地。立二高座。國王群臣大眾雲集。欲觀二人角道。迦葉與諸弟子先到座所登梯而上。般師神王。見其虛妄嫉妬。即起大風。吹坐具顛倒幢幡。飛揚雨沙礫石。眼不得視。世尊高座儼然不動。佛與大眾庠序而來。方向高座忽然已上。眾僧一切寂然次坐。王及群臣加敬稽首白言。願垂神化壓伏邪見。并令國人明信正真。世尊於座㸌然不現。即昇虛空奮大光明。東沒西現四方亦爾。身出水火上下交易。坐臥空中十二變化。沒身不現還在座上。天龍鬼神華香供養。讚善之聲震動天地。富蘭迦葉自知無道。低頭慚怖不敢舉目。金剛力士捉金剛杵。杵頭火出以擬迦葉。問何以不現變化。迦葉惶怖投下而走。五百弟子奔波迸散。世尊威容都無欣慼。還到祇園。國王群臣歡喜辭退。於是迦葉與諸弟子受辱而去。去至道中逢一老優婆夷。字摩尼。逆罵之曰。卿等群愚不自忖度。而欲與佛比捔道術。狂愚欺誑不知羞恥。亦可不須持此面目行於世間也。迦葉羞諸弟子。往江水邊誑諸弟子。我今投水必生梵天。若我不還則有樂。彼諸弟子待之不還。自共議言。師必上天。我何宜住。一一投水冀當隨師。不知罪牽皆墮地獄。後日國王聞其如此。甚驚怪之往到佛所白佛言。迦葉師徒何緣乃爾。佛告王曰。迦葉師徒重罪有二。一者三毒熾盛自稱得道。二者謗毀如來欲望敬事。以此二罪應墮地獄。殃咎催逼使其沒河。身死神去受苦無量。往昔有二獼猴王。各主五百獼猴。一王起嫉妬意。欲殺一王規圖獨治。便往共鬪。鬪數不如。羞慚退去。到大海邊海曲之中。有大聚沫。風吹積聚高數百丈。獼猴王愚癡謂是雪山。語群輩言。久聞海中有雪山。其中快樂甘果恣口。今日乃見吾當先往行視。若審樂者不能復還。若不樂者當還語汝。於是上樹盡力跳騰。投聚沫中溺死海底。餘者怪之不出。謂必大樂。一一投中斷群溺死。嫉妬獼猴王者富蘭迦葉是也。群輩者今富蘭弟子五百人是也（出法句喻經第四卷賢愚出事廣略同不取）。

Formerly, in the state of Śrāvastī, there was a brāhmaṇa master named Pūraṇa-Kāśyapa. He was accompanied by five hundred disciples, and there were none among the king and people who did not revere and serve him. When the Buddha first attained the Way, he came with his disciples from Rājagṛha to the state of Śrāvastī. The Buddha's bodily marks were resplendent, and his teaching of the Way was pure and beautiful. From the king and his inner palace to the populace throughout the land, there were none who did not revere and honor him. Jealous and seeking to disparage the Bhagavat, Kāśyapa said to King Prasenajit: "We elders are long-standing scholars and old teachers of this realm. The śramaṇa Gautama has only recently renounced home to seek the Way and possesses no genuine spiritual holiness. Yet Your Majesty forsakes us. I now wish to compete with the Buddha: whichever of us has superior virtue and Way, Your Majesty shall revere." The king said: "Very well." The king reported this to the Buddha. The Buddha said: "Most excellent." They set an appointment in seven days to compete in supernormal transformations. In a flat, broad, and fine place east of the city, the king erected two high seats. The king, his ministers, and the great multitude gathered like clouds, wishing to watch the two compete in the Way. Kāśyapa and his disciples arrived first at the seats and climbed the ladder to ascend. The guardian spirit-king Pañcika, seeing his falsity and jealousy, immediately raised a great wind that blew the sitting mats upside down, toppled the banners, and sent sand, gravel, and stones flying like rain so that eyes could not see. The Bhagavat's high seat remained solemn and motionless. The Buddha and the great assembly arrived in stately order. Heading toward the high seat, he was suddenly already upon it. The entire monastic sangha sat in serene silence according to rank. The king and his ministers prostrated themselves with redoubled reverence and said: "We pray you will display your divine transformations to subdue false views and cause the people of this realm to clearly believe in the true and genuine." The Bhagavat suddenly disappeared from his seat and ascended into the empty sky, emitting a great radiance. He disappeared in the east and appeared in the west, and likewise in the four directions. From his body issued water and fire, alternating above and below. He displayed twelve transformations while sitting and lying in the air. Vanishing from sight, he reappeared upon the seat. Gods, dragons, ghosts, and spirits made offerings of flowers and incense, and their shouts of praise shook heaven and earth. Pūraṇa-Kāśyapa, knowing within himself that he had no Way, lowered his head in shame and terror, not daring to lift his eyes. A vajra-holding warrior grasped a vajra-pestle, the tip of which shot forth fire aimed at Kāśyapa, and asked: "Why do you not display transformations?" Terrified, Kāśyapa threw himself down and fled, and his five hundred disciples scattered in all directions. The Bhagavat's dignified countenance showed neither joy nor grief. He returned to the Jeta Grove. The king and his ministers rejoiced and took their leave. Thereupon, humiliated, Kāśyapa departed with his disciples. On the road, they met an old upāsikā named Maṇi, who rebuked them to their faces, saying: "You fools failed to gauge yourselves and dared to contest arts of the Way against the Buddha! You mad, foolish deceivers have no sense of shame. You might as well not show such faces in the world!" Ashamed before his disciples, Kāśyapa went to the riverbank and deceived them, saying: "If I now cast myself into the water, I will surely be reborn in the Brahmā heaven. If I do not return, it is because there is bliss there." His disciples waited for him, but he did not return. They conferred together, saying: "Our master has surely ascended to heaven. Why should we stay behind?" One by one they cast themselves into the water, hoping to follow their master, not knowing that dragged by their evil deeds, they all fell into hell. On a later day, the king heard of this and, greatly astonished, went to the Buddha's presence and said: "By what cause did it turn out thus for Kāśyapa and his disciples?" The Buddha told the king: "Kāśyapa and his disciples committed two grave offenses: first, their three poisons blazed fiercely while they claimed to have attained the Way; second, they slandered the Tathāgata in the desire for reverence and offerings. Because of these two offenses they were destined to fall into hell. Their retribution pressed upon them, causing them to drown in the river; their bodies died, their consciousnesses departed, and they suffer boundless torment. In the past, there were two monkey kings, each ruling over five hundred monkeys. One king gave rise to jealousy, wishing to kill the other king so as to rule alone. He went to fight him, but was repeatedly bested in combat. Ashamed, he withdrew to the seashore, where inside a bay there was a great heap of foam. Blown by the wind, it had gathered hundreds of fathoms high. That foolish monkey king thought it was a snowy mountain, and told his troop: 'I have long heard that there is a snowy mountain in the ocean, filled with bliss and sweet fruits to one's heart's content. Only today do I see it. I shall go ahead to inspect it. If it is truly blissful, I will not be able to return; if it is not blissful, I shall return to tell you.' Thereupon he climbed a tree, leapt with all his might, cast himself into the heap of foam, and drowned at the bottom of the sea. The others wondered why he did not emerge and thought it must be greatly blissful. One by one they cast themselves in, and the whole troop drowned to death. That jealous monkey king was Pūraṇa-Kāśyapa; his troop were the five hundred disciples of Pūraṇa today." (Taken from the fourth fascicle of the Dharmapada-avadāna Sūtra; the Xianyu jing records the incident with differing detail, so it is not adopted).