經律異相 48.54

48.54

龍有四種。一者卵生。二者胎生。三者濕生。四者化生。皆先多瞋恚心曲不端。大行布施今受此形。以七寶為宮（宮之所在乃現金翅鳥部）身高四十里。衣長四十里。廣八十里。重二兩半。神力自在百味飲食。最後一口變為蝦蟇。若自化眷屬發於道心。施乞皂衣能使諸龍各興供養者。沙不雨身及離眾患（又云。變身為蛇虺等不遭蝦蟇及金翅鳥）食黿鼉魚鼈。以為揣食（樓炭經云龍食魚鼈及提違提歷大魚也）洗浴衣服為細滑食。亦有婚姻。身相觸以成陰陽。壽命一劫。或有減者。免金翅鳥食。唯有十六王。一娑竭。二難陀。三跋難陀。四伊那婆羅。五提頭賴吒。六善見。七阿虛。八伽句羅。九伽毘羅。十阿波羅。十一伽㝹。十二瞿伽㝹。十三阿耨達。十四善住。十五優睒伽波頭。十六得叉迦（樓炭經六十三出長阿含樓炭大智論）。

Dragons are of four kinds: first, egg-born; second, womb-born; third, moisture-born; fourth, transformationally born. All formerly had much anger and crooked, untruthful minds, yet practiced great giving; hence they have now received this bodily form. They have palaces made of the seven jewels (the location of the palaces is described in the section on the garuḍa birds). Their bodies are forty li tall. Their robes are forty li long, eighty li wide, and weigh two and a half liang. Endowed with sovereign supernormal powers, they enjoy foods of a hundred flavors; the final mouthful turns into a toad. If their transformed retinues arouse the aspiration for awakening, giving black robes to beggars so that all dragons can each provide offerings, then sand does not rain upon their bodies and they are freed from numerous tribulations (it is also said: if they transform their bodies into snakes and vipers, they encounter neither toads nor garuḍas). They eat soft-shelled turtles, alligators, fish, and freshwater tortoises as solid food (the Loutan jing says dragons eat fish, tortoises, and large diweitili fish). Bathing and clothing serve as fine and delicate food. They also have marriage; their bodies touch to achieve copulation. Their lifespan is one kalpa, though for some it is shortened. Only sixteen kings are spared from being eaten by garuḍas: first, Sāgara; second, Nanda; third, Upananda; fourth, Elāpattra; fifth, Dhṛtarāṣṭra; sixth, Sudarśana; seventh, Axu; eighth, Gākura; ninth, Kapila; tenth, Apalāla; eleventh, Jani; twelfth, Kujani; thirteenth, Anavatapta; fourteenth, Supratiṣṭhita; fifteenth, Uśamkapaduma; sixteenth, Takṣaka. (The Loutan jing lists sixty-three; extracted from the Dīrgha Āgama, Loutan jing, and the Dàzhìdù lùn).