經律異相 48.6

48.6

金翅鳥有四種。一者卵生。二者胎生。三者濕生。四者化生。皆先大布施心高凌虛。苦惱眾生心多瞋慢。生此鳥中。有如意寶珠以為瓔珞。變化萬端無事不辦。身高四十里。衣廣八十里。長四十里。重二兩半。食黿鼉魚鼈以為揣食（涅槃經云能食能消。一切龍魚金銀等寶唯除金剛耳）洗浴衣服為細滑食。亦有婚姻。兩身相觸以成陰陽。壽一劫或有減者。大海北岸一樹名究羅瞋摩高百由旬。蔭五十由旬（樓炭經略同）樹東有卵生龍宮卵生金翅鳥宮。樹南有胎生龍宮胎生金翅鳥宮。樹西有濕生龍宮濕生金翅鳥宮。樹北有化生龍宮化生金翅鳥宮。各各縱廣六千由旬。莊飾如上。若卵生金翅鳥飛下海中以翅搏水。水即兩披深二百由旬。取卵生龍隨意而食之（華嚴經云。此鳥食龍。所扇之風若入眼人眼失明故不來人間）胎濕化亦復如是（涅槃經云唯不能食受三歸者）有化生龍子三齋日受齋八禁。時金翅鳥欲取食之。銜上須彌山北大鐵樹上。高十六萬里。求覓其尾了不可得。鳥聞亦受五戒（出長阿含經第十九卷。又出增一阿含第十五卷。大智論華嚴經。亦見也）。

Garuḍa birds are of four kinds: first, egg-born; second, womb-born; third, moisture-born; fourth, transformation-born. All, in prior times, practiced great generosity but with elevated minds that soared above others, harassing sentient beings with much anger and arrogance, hence they were born among these birds. They have wish-fulfilling gems as necklaces; their transformations are myriad and manifold, with nothing they cannot accomplish. Their bodies are forty li tall. Their garments are eighty li wide, forty li long, and weigh two and a half liang. They eat giant soft-shelled turtles, caimans, fish, and freshwater turtles as morsel food (the Nirvāṇa Sūtra says that they can eat and digest all dragons, fish, gold, silver, and other precious things, except only diamonds). Bathing and clothes serve as their subtle and smooth food. They also have marriage; the physical contact of two bodies accomplishes their sexual union. Their lifespan is one kalpa, though some have less. On the northern shore of the great ocean is a tree named Kūlaśālmalī, one hundred yojanas tall, casting shade for fifty yojanas (the Loutan jing is roughly the same). To the east of the tree are the palaces of egg-born nāgas and egg-born garuḍas; to the south of the tree are the palaces of womb-born nāgas and womb-born garuḍas; to the west of the tree are the palaces of moisture-born nāgas and moisture-born garuḍas; to the north of the tree are the palaces of transformation-born nāgas and transformation-born garuḍas. Each extends six thousand yojanas across, adorned as described above. If an egg-born garuḍa flies down into the ocean, it strikes the water with its wings, and the water immediately parts to a depth of two hundred yojanas; it takes egg-born nāgas and eats them at will (the Avataṃsaka Sūtra says: when this bird eats nāgas, if the wind whipped up by it enters a person's eyes, they lose their sight, hence it does not come to the human realm). The womb-born, moisture-born, and transformation-born are likewise (the Nirvāṇa Sūtra says they cannot eat only those who have taken the three refuges). There was a transformation-born nāga son who observed the eight precepts on the three purification days. At that time, a garuḍa bird wished to capture and eat him. It took him in its beak up to the great iron tree north of Mount Sumeru, which was one hundred and sixty thousand li high, but searching for his tail, it could not find it at all. Hearing of this, the bird also received the five precepts (taken from the Dīrgha Āgama, Fascicle 19; also found in the Ekottarika Āgama, Fascicle 15; and seen as well in the Mahāprajñāpāramitopadeśa and the Avataṃsaka Sūtra).