經律異相 7.27

7.27

波斯匿王新紹王位。即作是念。應先取釋女。即告一臣。持我名往迦毘羅衛。請婚彼女。諸釋五百集會一處皆大瞋恚。吾家大姓。何緣乃與婢子結親。或言應與。或言不應。時摩訶男語諸釋言。波斯匿王為人暴惡。或能壞我國界。時摩訶男婢生一女。面貌端正。沐浴衣被。以羽寶車。躬自送往。與波斯匿王。乃白王言。此是我女。可以成親。時王歡喜。即拜此女為第一夫人。少日有身。生一男兒。端正無雙世之殊特。王集相師為子作名。相師曰。求夫人時諸釋共議。或與彼此琉璃。今以太子名曰琉璃年向八歲。王告之曰。可詣迦毘羅衛學諸射術。駕乘大象多諸給使。往摩訶男舍。集五百童子使共學習。新起講堂。猶如天宮。我等應先請佛僧於中供養受福無量。敷舒坐具。懸諸幡蓋。香水灑地。燒眾名香。琉璃太子往至講堂。昇師子座。諸釋見之呼為婢子。牽出門外撲之于地。琉璃太子顧語好苦行梵志。此諸釋種大毀辱我。後紹王位汝當以此事啟我。父王命終。太子嗣立。苦行啟王。王勅群臣。集四部兵。往征釋種。至迦毘羅越。世尊往逆在枯樹下。結跏趺坐。太子遙見下車作禮。問曰。更有好樹何故坐此。佛言。親族之廕故勝外人。是時王曰。今日世尊故為親族吾不應征。梵志執奏。王復興師。目連白佛。琉璃王（增一阿含第十九分云毘婁勒王事大同）往伐釋種。我欲移其四部合擲他方。又欲拔出虛空。又欲移置海中。又欲移置鐵圍山間。又欲移人置他方大國土中。又欲鐵籠覆城。佛言。汝有智德。終不能安處。舍夷國人。眾生有七。不可避。一生二老三病四死五罪六福七因緣。意雖欲避終不得免。何能覆其往業。目連意終不已。隨取知識四五千人。盡著鉢中。舉置虛空星宿之際。諸釋亦集四兵。出一由旬。逆琉璃王。諸釋一由旬內。遙見琉璃王。或貫耳頭髻。弓弦器仗幢麾皆悉破壞。終不傷人。時琉璃王大懷恐怖。告群臣曰。汝觀是箭為從何來。彼若發心欲害我者必當死盡。令還舍衛。好苦梵志曰。大王勿懼。諸釋持戒蟲尚不害。況害人乎。今宜前進。王乃從之。諸釋果退還入城中。琉璃王曰。汝等速開城門。若不爾者盡當殺之。城中童子年尚十五。名曰奢摩。登城獨戰。傷害眾多。賊軍迸散。藏土穴中。時諸釋種。告童子曰。汝辱我門戶。誰不知戰。諸釋修善。蟲蟻不殺。況人命耶。我等一人敵萬。甚能壞軍眾。為殺害人命。死入地獄。若生人中壽命短促。汝今速去不須住也。舍摩即自出國。琉璃王軍復來至門。弊魔波旬作一釋形。喚速開門。諸釋開門。琉璃王曰。釋眾既多。悉皆埋脚。使暴象踏殺。選五百釋女。將詣王所。時摩訶男從王乞願。王即聽之。摩訶男曰。我今沒水隨我遲速並聽。諸釋隨意逃走。若我出水隨在殺之。王曰大佳。即入水底。以髮繫樹根而自盡命。城中諸釋。四門競走。王告群臣。摩訶男父至今不出。即入水中。出之已死。王心生悔。我外祖父。今已取命終皆由愛親族故。若早知者。終不攻伐。琉璃所殺九千九百九十萬人。流血成河。繞迦毘羅越城。軍人去後。目連白佛。承佛神力。護得四五千人。佛言。汝往看之。目連下鉢。人皆已死。往尼拘留園。語五百釋女言。汝等慎勿愁憂。我是汝夫。捉一釋女曰。我今何故與婢子通情。王即刖其手足。置深坑中。五百釋女皆罵王言。誰持我身與婢子交通。王勅五百釋女罪如前法。還舍衛國。祇陀太子在深宮中奏諸妓樂。王聞其聲迴駕詣之。祇陀出門與之相見曰。善來大王。可小停駕。琉璃王曰。豈不聞吾與諸釋戰。與妓遊戲而不見助。祇陀答曰。聞之我不堪任殺害眾生。琉璃王手斫祇陀。佛見祇陀生三十三天。時五百釋女自歸稱喚如來名號。同生釋種。出家成佛。受此痛毒而不見憶。佛與諸比丘。往迦毘羅。諸女遙見皆懷慚愧。世尊顧語釋提桓因言。諸女慚愧。帝釋即以天衣覆此女上。佛告毘沙門。諸女飢渴日久即辦天食皆得充飽。佛為說苦集盡道。諸女塵垢皆盡得法眼淨。各於其所而取命終。皆生天上。佛詣東門見城中。煙火洞然。顧語諸比丘。我昔與諸比丘此中說法。今如空墟無有人民。自今不復更至於此。還舍衛國祇樹園中。告諸比丘。琉璃王及諸兵眾。却後七日盡當磨滅。王聞恐怖。好苦行梵志內外無塵王但自娛。王使人數日至七日旦。王大歡喜。將諸兵軍及婇女。往阿貽羅河側。共相讌會。大雷卒震。非時雲起。暴風疾雨。傷損漂溺。一時都盡。王生入阿鼻地獄。復有天火燒盪宮城。比丘白佛。諸釋何因今遭此苦。佛言。昔羅閱城中有捕魚村。時世飢儉人食草根。以一斗金貿一斗米。村有大池。極自饒魚。人民捕食。魚有二種。一名拘瑣（興起行經云𪌃）二名多舌。各相謂言。我是水性之虫。不處乾地。而此人民皆來食噉。村有一兒。年尚八歲。雖不捕魚。見則歡喜。羅閱村人今釋種是。拘瑣魚者琉璃王是。兩舌魚者好苦行梵志是。小兒見魚笑者今我是也。取魚之罪無數劫中受地獄苦。今餘此對。見之喜笑。今患頭痛如被石押。又如戴須彌山（釋迦畢罪經大同小異文多不載盡）坐上多人聞佛說無常之法。得須陀洹果（出釋迦畢罪經又出長阿含法句譬經）。

When King Prasenajit had newly succeeded to the royal throne, he immediately thought: “I ought first to take a Śākya maiden [as wife].” He then instructed an official: “Carry my name, go to Kapilavastu, and ask to marry a maiden of theirs.” The five hundred Śākyas assembled in one place, all greatly enraged: “Our family is of noble clan; for what reason should we form a marriage alliance with the son of a slave woman?” Some said they should grant it; some said they should not. At that time Mahānāma said to the Śākyas: “King Prasenajit is violent and wicked by nature; he might destroy our state.” Now, Mahānāma had a slave woman who had borne a daughter with an upright and fair countenance. They bathed and clothed her, and in a feathered, jeweled carriage, [Mahānāma] personally escorted and took her to King Prasenajit. He said to the king: “This is my daughter; she may become your bride.” The king was then delighted and immediately appointed this maiden as his primary queen. In a few days she became pregnant and gave birth to a son, handsome without peer and extraordinary in the world. The king assembled diviners to name the child. The diviners said: “When the queen was sought, the Śākyas deliberated together; some gave to one another lapis lazuli (liúlí). Now let the crown prince be named Virūḍhaka (Liúlí).” When he was approaching eight years of age, the king told him: “You may go to Kapilavastu to learn the archery arts.” Riding a great elephant with many attendants, he went to Mahānāma's residence. [The Śākyas] gathered five hundred young boys to practice together with him. A newly built lecture hall was just like a heavenly palace. [The Śākyas said:] “We ought first to invite the Buddha and the saṅgha to offer them sustenance therein, receiving boundless merit.” They spread out seat cushions, hung up banners and canopies, sprinkled the ground with fragrant water, and burned diverse renowned incenses. Crown Prince Virūḍhaka went to the lecture hall and ascended the lion throne. The Śākyas, seeing this, shouted that he was the son of a slave woman, dragged him outside the gates, and threw him to the ground. Crown Prince Virūḍhaka looked back and spoke to the brahmacārin Suprasādaka: “These Śākyas have deeply humiliated me! When I succeed to the royal throne later, you must report this matter to me.” When the father king died and the crown prince succeeded to the throne, the ascetic reported it to the king. The king ordered his ministers to gather the fourfold army to go and subjugate the Śākyas. Arriving at Kapilavastu, the Bhagavat went out to meet him, sitting cross-legged beneath a withered tree. The crown prince saw him from afar, descended from his chariot, paid homage, and asked: “There are other fine trees; why do you sit beneath this one?” The Buddha said: “The shade of one's kinsmen is superior to that of outsiders.” At that time the king said: “Today the Bhagavat acts for the sake of his kinsmen; I should not campaign against them.” But the brahmacārin insisted on his counsel, and the king again raised an army. Maudgalyāyana said to the Buddha: “King Virūḍhaka (the Ekottarika-āgama, division 19, says King Virūḍhaka; the account is largely the same) is going to attack the Śākyas. I wish to take his fourfold army and cast it all to another land; I also wish to lift them out into empty space; I also wish to move and place them into the ocean; I also wish to move and place them between the Iron Circle mountains; I also wish to move the people and place them in the great lands of another region; and I also wish to cover the city with an iron cage.” The Buddha said: “Though you possess wisdom and virtue, you ultimately cannot preserve the people of the Śākya state. Sentient beings have seven things that cannot be avoided: first, birth; second, old age; third, illness; fourth, death; fifth, guilt; sixth, merit; and seventh, causes and conditions. Even if in mind one wishes to avoid them, one can never escape. How could you cover over their past karma?” Maudgalyāyana's intent still did not rest. He picked up four to five thousand acquaintances, put them all inside his bowl, and raised and placed them into the midst of the constellations in empty space. The Śākyas also gathered their fourfold army and marched out one yojana to meet King Virūḍhaka. From within one yojana, the Śākyas saw King Virūḍhaka from afar; [their arrows] pierced his ear and hair-tuft, and destroyed bowstrings, weapons, banners, and standards completely, without ever harming a person. At that time King Virūḍhaka was gripped with great terror and told his ministers: “Look at where these arrows come from! If they set their minds on harming us, we will surely all die.” He ordered a retreat to Śrāvastī. The brahmacārin Suprasādaka said: “Great King, do not fear! The Śākyas uphold the precepts; they do not even harm an insect, how much less a person? You should advance now.” The king then complied with him. The Śākyas indeed retreated and returned into the city. King Virūḍhaka said: “Open the city gates quickly! If not, all will be slain.” In the city was a young boy only fifteen years of age named Śama. He mounted the city wall and fought alone, wounding and killing many; the rebel army scattered and hid in earthen holes. At that time the Śākyas told the young boy: “You bring shame upon our lineage! Who does not know how to fight? The Śākyas cultivate good; they do not kill insects or ants, how much less human lives? Each one of us is a match for ten thousand, and is fully able to destroy an army. But because of taking human life, upon death one enters hell, and if born among humans, one's lifespan is brief. Leave quickly now; you must not stay.” Śama then left the state on his own. King Virūḍhaka's army came to the gate once again. The evil Māra Pāpīyān took the form of a Śākya and called out to open the gate quickly. The Śākyas opened the gate. King Virūḍhaka said: “Since the Śākyas are numerous, bury them all to the feet and have furious elephants trample them to death. Select five hundred Śākya maidens and bring them to the king's quarters.” At that time Mahānāma begged a boon from the king, and the king granted it. Mahānāma said: “I will now submerge in water; whether I take long or short, allow the Śākyas to flee as they please. When I emerge from the water, you may kill them wherever they are.” The king said: “Very well.” [Mahānāma] then entered the depths of the water, tied his hair to tree roots, and ended his own life. The Śākyas in the city rushed out through the four gates in competition. The king said to his ministers: “Father Mahānāma has not yet emerged.” They immediately entered the water and pulled him out, already dead. Regret arose in the king's heart: “My maternal grandfather has now taken his own life, all out of love for his kinsmen. Had I known earlier, I would never have attacked them.” Virūḍhaka slew 99,900,000 people. Blood flowed, forming a river circling the city of Kapilavastu. After the army had left, Maudgalyāyana said to the Buddha: “Relying on the Buddha's divine power, I have protected four to five thousand people.” The Buddha said: “Go and look at them.” Maudgalyāyana lowered the bowl; the people were all already dead. [Virūḍhaka] went to Nyagrodha Park and said to the five hundred Śākya maidens: “Do not sorrow! I am your husband.” Seizing one Śākya maiden, she said: “Why should I now be intimate with the son of a slave woman?” The king immediately amputated her hands and feet and cast her into a deep pit. All five hundred Śākya maidens reviled the king, saying: “Who would surrender her body to have congress with the son of a slave woman?” The king commanded that the five hundred Śākya maidens be punished according to the former method. He returned to the state of Śrāvastī. Crown Prince Jeta was performing various types of music in the deep palace. Hearing the sound, the king turned his chariot and went to him. Jeta came out of the gate to meet him, saying: “Welcome, Great King; please halt your chariot a while.” King Virūḍhaka said: “Did you not hear that I was fighting the Śākyas? You play with courtesans and did not assist me!” Jeta replied: “I heard of it, but I cannot bear to kill sentient beings.” King Virūḍhaka struck down Jeta with his own hand. The Buddha saw that Jeta was reborn in the Trāyastriṃśa Heaven. At that time the five hundred Śākya maidens took refuge and cried out the name of the Tathāgata: “Born together in the Śākya clan, you left home and became a Buddha. We suffer this excruciating venom, yet are we not remembered?” The Buddha, together with the monks, went to Kapilavastu. The women, seeing him from afar, all felt ashamed. The Bhagavat looked back and spoke to Śakra Devānām Indra, saying: “These women feel shame.” Śakra immediately covered these women with heavenly garments. The Buddha told Vaiśravaṇa: “These women have been hungry and thirsty for days.” [Vaiśravaṇa] immediately prepared heavenly food, and all were filled to repletion. The Buddha expounded for them the path of suffering, its origin, its cessation, and the way. The defilements of the women were all exhausted, and they attained purity of the Dharma eye. Each took their own death in that place, and all were reborn in heaven. The Buddha arrived at the eastern gate and saw that in the city, smoke and fire were blazing fiercely. Looking back, he said to the monks: “Formerly I expounded the Dharma here together with the monks; now it is like an empty wasteland with no people. From now on, I will not come here again.” He returned to the Jetavana grove in the state of Śrāvastī and announced to the monks: “Seven days from now, King Virūḍhaka and his armies will all be utterly destroyed.” Hearing this, the king was terrified. The brahmacārin Suprasādaka said: “Inside and out there is not a speck of dust; Great King, simply amuse yourself.” The king sent someone to count the days; on the morning of the seventh day, the king was overjoyed. Leading his armies and courtesans, he went to the bank of the Aciravatī River to feast together. A great thunderclap suddenly struck, unseasonable clouds arose, and a violent storm of wind and rain injured, submerged, and drowned them, destroying them all at once. The king entered the Avīci Hell while still alive. Furthermore, a heavenly fire burned down the palace city. The monks asked the Buddha: “By what cause did the Śākyas now encounter this suffering?” The Buddha said: “In the past, there was a fishing village in the city of Rājagṛha. At that time there was a famine in the world; people ate grass roots, and traded one dou of gold for one dou of rice. In the village was a great pond exceedingly abundant in fish, which the people caught and ate. There were two kinds of fish: one named Kusvā (the Xīngqǐ xíng jīng says Qū) and the second named Bahujihva. They said to each other: ‘We are creatures of the water and do not dwell on dry land, yet these people all come to eat us.’ In the village was a child, only eight years of age, who although he did not catch fish, felt delighted when seeing it. The people of Rājagṛha village were the present Śākyas; the Kusvā fish was King Virūḍhaka; the Bahujihva fish was the brahmacārin Suprasādaka; and the little child who saw the fish and laughed was I. For the guilt of catching the fish, they suffered the torments of hell for countless kalpas; now there was this remaining retribution. Because I saw them and laughed with delight, I now suffer a headache as if pressed by a stone, or as if carrying Mount Sumeru (the Shijia bijui jing is largely the same with minor differences, but its text is lengthy and not recorded in full).” Many people on their seats, hearing the Buddha preach the teaching of impermanence, attained the fruit of srotaāpanna (from the Shijia bijui jing, and also from the Dīrghāgama and Dharmapada Avadāna Sūtra).