法苑珠林 19.48

19.48

又十輪經云。佛言。族姓子。有四種僧。何等為四。一第一義僧。二淨僧。三瘂羊僧。四無慚愧僧。云何名第一義僧。諸佛菩薩辟支及四沙門果。是七種人名為第一義僧。在家得聖果者。亦名第一義僧。云何名為淨僧。諸有能持具足戒者。是名淨僧。云何名為瘂羊僧。不知犯不犯輕重微細罪可懺悔。愚癡無智不近善知識。不能諮問深義是善非善。如是等相名為瘂羊僧。云何名無慚愧僧。若有為自活命來入佛法。悉皆毀犯。破和合僧不畏後世。放縱六情。貪著五欲。如是人等名為無慚愧僧（如是四僧並須恭敬）。

Furthermore, the *Daśacakra-sūtra* states: The Buddha said, “Son of good family, there are four kinds of saṃgha. What are the four? First, the saṃgha of ultimate meaning; second, the pure saṃgha; third, the mute sheep saṃgha; and fourth, the shameless saṃgha. What is called the saṃgha of ultimate meaning? The buddhas, bodhisattvas, pratyekabuddhas, and the four fruits of the śramaṇa—these seven kinds of persons are called the saṃgha of ultimate meaning. Laypersons who attain the noble fruits are also called the saṃgha of ultimate meaning. What is called the pure saṃgha? All those who are able to uphold the complete precepts are called the pure saṃgha. What is called the mute sheep saṃgha? Those who do not know what constitutes an offense or non-offense, whether an offense is grave, light, or subtle, or whether it can be confessed; who are foolish and without wisdom, do not draw close to good spiritual friends, and cannot inquire into the profound meaning of what is good and what is not good—such characteristics are called the mute sheep saṃgha. What is called the shameless saṃgha? If someone enters the Buddha's Dharma merely to sustain their own livelihood, transgresses all [the precepts], breaks the harmonious saṃgha, does not fear future lives, gives free rein to the six passions, and is greedily attached to the five desires—such persons are called the shameless saṃgha. (All four of these kinds of saṃgha must be revered.)”