法苑珠林 2.10

2.10

依華嚴經云。三千大千世界以無量因緣乃成。且如大地依水輪。水輪依風輪。風輪依空輪。空輪無所依。然眾生業感世界安住。故智度論云。三千大千世界皆依風輪為基。又新翻菩薩藏經云。諸佛如來成就不思議智故。而能得知諸風雨相。知世有大風名烏盧博迦。乃至眾生諸有覺受。皆由此風所搖動故。此風輪量高三拘盧舍。於此風上虛空之中。復有風起。名曰雲風輪。此風輪量高五拘盧舍。於此風上虛空之中。復有風起名瞻薄迦。此風輪量高十踰繕那。於此風上虛空之中。復有風起名吠索縛迦。此風輪量高三十踰繕那。又此風上虛空之中。復有風起名曰去來。此風輪量高四十踰繕那。如是舍利子。次第輪上。六萬八千拘胝風輪之相。如來應正等覺。依止大慧悉能了知。舍利子。最上風輪名為周遍。上界水輪之所依止。其水高量六十八百千踰繕那。為彼大地之所依止。其地量高六十八千踰繕那。舍利子。是地量表有一三千大千世界。又樓炭經云。此地深二十億萬里。下有金粟亦二十億萬里。下有金剛亦二十億萬里。下有水際八十億萬里。下有無極大風。深五百二十億萬里。此雖六重。前四是地輪。第五是水輪。第六是風輪。金光明經云。此地深十六萬八千由旬。下有金沙。金沙正是金粟。下有金剛地。釋云。前風輪堅固不可沮壞。有大洛那力人以金剛杵擊之。杵碎風輪無損。大洛那力者。是第四梵王那羅延力。是佛身力。亦名那羅延風輪。風輪上次有水輪。水輪者。依立世經云。深一百一十三萬由旬。減風輪三十八萬由旬。以眾生業力水不流散。如食未消不墮熟藏。又如倉貯米內外物持。水輪亦爾。外由有風持不散。如世間攢酪為蘇。此風力順轉。此水成金水。深一百一十三萬由旬。既順成金水但厚八十萬由旬。所略三十三萬由旬皆屬金地。金地輪中從少向多。應厚十二洛沙。一洛沙有十萬由旬。此輪縱廣一等。

According to the Avataṃsaka-sūtra, the three-thousand-great-thousand world is formed through limitless causes and conditions. Thus the great earth rests upon a water disc; the water disc rests upon a wind disc; the wind disc rests upon a space disc; the space disc has nothing upon which it rests. Yet, through beings' karmic resonance, the world remains stably settled. Therefore the Mahāprajñāpāramitā-śāstra states that the three-thousand-great-thousand world systems all take the wind disc as their foundation. Furthermore, the newly translated Bodhisattvapiṭaka-sūtra says: "Because the Buddhas, the Tathāgatas, have perfected inconceivable knowledge, they are able to know the characteristics of all winds and rains. They know that in the world there is a great wind named *ulubaka*, and that all sensations beings experience are shaken and stirred by this wind. The measure of this wind disc is three krośas in height. In the empty space above this wind, another wind arises, named the cloud-wind disc. The measure of this wind disc is five krośas in height. In the empty space above this wind, another wind arises named the *jambaka*. The measure of this wind disc is ten yojanas in height. In the empty space above this wind, another wind arises named the *vaisvakha*. The measure of this wind disc is thirty yojanas in height. Furthermore, in the empty space above this wind, another wind arises named 'going and coming'. The measure of this wind disc is forty yojanas in height. In this manner, Śāriputra, the Tathāgata, the Arhat, the Samyaksambuddha, relying upon his great wisdom, completely knows the characteristics of sixty-eight thousand koṭis of wind discs resting in succession upon one another. Śāriputra, the uppermost wind disc is named 'Pervasive'. It is that upon which the water disc of the realm above rests. The height of that water is sixty-eight hundred thousand yojanas, serving as that upon which the great earth rests. The height of that earth is sixty-eight thousand yojanas. Śāriputra, this measure of the earth marks the presence of one three-thousand-great-thousand world." Furthermore, the Loutan jing says: "This earth is two thousand million li deep. Below it is golden grit, also two thousand million li [deep]. Below it is vajra, also two thousand million li [deep]. Below it is the water limit, eight thousand million li [deep]. Below it is the boundless great wind, fifty-two thousand million li deep." Although these are six layers, the first four are the earth disc, the fifth is the water disc, and the sixth is the wind disc. The Suvarṇaprabhāsa-sūtra says: "This earth is one hundred sixty-eight thousand yojanas deep. Below it is golden sand; golden sand is precisely golden grit. Below it is the vajra ground." The commentary explains: "The former wind disc is solid and cannot be broken. If a person with the great strength of a *lakṣa* strikes it with a vajra pestle, the pestle shatters while the wind disc is unharmed." The great strength of a *lakṣa* is the Nārāyaṇa strength of the fourth Brahmā King; it is the strength of the Buddha's body, and it is also called the Nārāyaṇa wind disc. Above the wind disc, next is the water disc. As for the water disc, according to the Lokasthiti[-abhidharma-śāstra], it is one million one hundred and thirty thousand yojanas deep, being thirty-eight [hundred] thousand yojanas less than the wind disc. By the karmic power of beings, the water does not flow away and disperse, just as undigested food does not drop into the stomach cavity for digested food, or as when grain is stored in a granary, the internal and external structures hold it; the water disc is also like this. Externally it is held by the wind so that it does not disperse, just as in the world churning curds produces ghee. As the power of this wind rotates clockwise, this water turns into golden water, one million one hundred and thirty thousand yojanas deep. Since it rotates clockwise and becomes golden water, it is merely eight hundred thousand yojanas thick. The thirty-three myriad yojanas that are omitted all belong to the golden earth. Within the golden earth disc, moving from less to more, it should be twelve *lakṣas* thick. One *lakṣa* is one hundred thousand yojanas. This disc is equal in length and breadth.