法苑珠林 2.7

2.7

長阿含起世經等。四洲地心即是須彌山。山外別有八山。圍如須彌山下大海深八萬四千由旬。其邊八山大海初廣八千由旬中有八功德水（依順正理論云。一甘二冷三軟四輕五清淨六不臭七飲時不損喉八飲已不傷腹也）如是漸小至第七山下。水廣一千二百五十由旬。其外醎海廣於無際。海外有山即是大鐵圍山。四周圍輪。并一日月晝夜迴轉照四天下。名為一國土。即以此為量數至滿千鐵圍繞訖名一小千。復至一千鐵圍繞訖名為中千世界。即數中千復滿一千鐵圍繞訖名為大千世界。其中四洲山王日月乃至有頂各有萬億（舊云百億者錯算也）。

According to the Dīrghāgama, the Qishi jing, and other texts: The centre of the earth of the four continents is Mount Sumeru. Beyond the mountain there are separately eight mountains, circling Mount Sumeru. The great ocean beneath it is eighty-four thousand yojanas deep. Bordering these eight mountains, the great ocean is initially eight thousand yojanas wide, and within it is water of eight virtues. (According to the *Nyāyānusāra*, it says: "First, sweet; second, cold; third, soft; fourth, light; fifth, pure; sixth, without foul odour; seventh, does not harm the throat when drunk; eighth, does not upset the stomach after drinking.") Gradually diminishing in this manner down to the foot of the seventh mountain, the water is one thousand two hundred and fifty yojanas wide. Beyond it, the salt ocean is boundlessly wide. Beyond the ocean there is a mountain, which is the Great Iron Ring Mountain, forming a surrounding wheel around the four quarters. Along with one sun and one moon revolving day and night, illuminating the four under-heavens, this is called one realm. Taking this as a unit and counting up to a full thousand encircled by iron [mountains], it is called one small-thousand [world system]. Reaching once more a thousand encircled by iron [mountains], it is called a medium-thousand world. Counting medium-thousands until again reaching a full thousand encircled by iron [mountains], it is called a great-thousand world. Within it, the four continents, the king of mountains, the sun, the moon, and up to the Peak of Existence each number ten thousand kotis (the older rendering of "a hundred kotis" was an error of calculation).