法苑珠林 44.7

44.7

依瑜伽論云。大王當知。王之功德略有十種。王若成就如是功德。雖無大府庫無大輔佐無大軍眾。而可歸仰。何等為十。一種姓尊高。二得大自在。三性不暴惡。四憤發輕微。五恩惠猛利。六受正真言。七所作諦思善順儀則。八顧戀善法。九善知差別知所作思。十不自縱任不行放逸（翻前十種雖有大庫大佐大軍不可歸仰）大王當知。王之方便略有五種。何等為五。一善觀察攝受群臣。二能以時行恩妙行。三無放逸專思機務。四無放逸善守府庫。五無放逸專修法行（若翻前五行便成五衰損門退失現法及失法利也）大王當知。略有五種可愛樂法。何等為五。一世所敬愛。二自在增上。三能摧怨敵。四善攝養身。五能往善趣。復有五種能引可愛。何等為五。一恩養世間。二英勇具足。三善權方便。四正受境界。五勤修法行（翻前五種名不可愛）又諸國王有三種圓滿。一果報圓滿。二士用圓滿。三功德圓滿。若諸國王生富貴家。長壽少病有大宗業。成就俱生聰利之慧。是王名為果報圓滿。若諸國王善權方便所攝持故。恒常成就圓滿英勇。是王名為士用圓滿。若諸國王任持正法名為法王。安住正法。與諸內宮王子群臣英傑豪貴國人共修慧施。樹福受齋堅持禁戒。是王名為功德圓滿。又果報圓滿者。受用先世淨業果報。士用圓滿者。受用現法可愛之果。功德圓滿者。亦於當來受用圓滿淨業果報。若有國王三不具足。名為下士。若有果報圓滿。或士用圓滿或俱圓滿。名為中士。若三具足。名為上士。

Furthermore, the Madhyamāgama says: “When kṣatriya kings have water sprinkled on their crowns and become rulers of men, presiding over the great earth, they observe five ceremonial regalia: first, the sword; second, the parasol; third, the celestial crown; fourth, the jewel-handled whisk; fifth, the ornamented sandals. When these are all removed, [the king is just an ordinary man]. Furthermore, there are three types of ministers: first, those who are loyal and faithful, but lack skills and wisdom; second, those who are loyal, faithful, and skilled, but lack wisdom; third, those endowed with loyalty, faith, skills, and wisdom. The first is called an inferior man; the next is called a middling man; the last is called a superior man. If one is neither loyal nor faithful, and has neither skills nor wisdom, one should know that such a minister is the lowest among the inferior.”