法苑珠林 71.11

71.11

若為修福求世報者。如捨財時。自求來報。或恐身財無常故捨。或為名聞專求自益。此非慈悲為濟貧苦。猶如市易非純淨業。是以經中名不淨施。如百論說。為布施者是名不淨。施如市易。故報有二種。現報者。名稱敬愛等。後報者。後世富貴等。名不淨施。譬如賈客遠到他方。雖持雜物多所饒益。然非憐愍眾生。以自求利故。是業不淨。布施求報亦復如是。以此證知。無實慈愍。自求名稱。或為來報。縱雖廣施。皆非淨業。業非淨故。得報不精。故分別業報經云若為生天施。或復求名聞。酬恩及望報。恐悑故行施。獲果不清淨。所受多麁澁。施行既爾。戒等諸善不淨同此。故百論云。不淨持戒者。自求樂報。若持戒求天上。與天女娛樂。若人中富貴受五欲樂。為婬欲故。如覆相者。內欲他色外詐親善。是名不淨。此外細心不淨持戒。如阿難語難陀說偈云。

If one cultivates merit in pursuit of worldly retribution: as when, upon relinquishing wealth, one seeks future retribution for oneself; or relinquishes it out of fear that body and wealth are impermanent; or focuses exclusively on self-benefit for the sake of fame and reputation—this is not done out of compassion to relieve the poor and suffering. It is like commercial trade, not a purely wholesome karma; hence in the sūtras it is called impure giving. As the Śata-śāstra says: "Giving for such reasons is called impure; the giving is like commercial trade." Therefore, its retribution is of two kinds: present retribution, namely fame, respect, love, and the like; and subsequent retribution, namely wealth and honor in future lifetimes, and the like. This is called impure giving. It is like a merchant who travels far to another land: although he brings miscellaneous goods and brings much benefit, he does so not out of pity for sentient beings, but to seek profit for himself; hence this karma is impure. Giving in pursuit of retribution is also like this. From this it is proven that where there is no genuine compassion, but only the pursuit of reputation for oneself, or the desire for future retribution, even extensive giving is not pure karma. Because the karma is not pure, the retribution obtained is not refined. Thus the Fenbie yebao jing says: "If one gives in order to be born in heaven, / or again seeks renown, / to repay kindness or hope for retribution, / or practices giving out of fear, / the fruit attained will not be pure, / and what is received will mostly be coarse and harsh." The practice of giving being such, all good deeds such as moral discipline are similarly impure. Thus the Śata-śāstra says: "Those of impure discipline seek pleasurable retribution for themselves: if one keeps the precepts seeking [rebirth] in heaven to take pleasure with celestial maidens, or [seeking] wealth and honor among humans to enjoy the pleasures of the five desires—this is done for the sake of sensual desire. Like a charlatan who internally lusts after another's form while externally feigning intimacy and virtue, this is called impure." Other than this, impure observance of precepts with a subtle mind is as the verse that Ānanda spoke to Nanda says: