法苑珠林 71.13

71.13

開心專為益他。得福則多。又於施境有貧有病。或有知法而乏所須。若施令彼得益長善。所施有宜獲福則多。故賢愚經云。佛讚五施。得福無量。所謂施遠來者。遠去者。病瘦者。於飢餓時。施於飲食。施知法人。如是五施現世獲福。此施有宜現獲多福。不同求名施非要處雖多割捨不得淨報。又隨喜他施者。若望諸極麁造不善者。是其細罪亦得名善。若望離欲及專為他。此之雜業則是其罪。故智度論云。麁人有麁罪。細人有細罪。故此雜業罪福俱行。望心非純是不淨業。上來明其罪福俱行。是其欲界不淨雜業竟。若論淨業翻前可知。故百論云。淨施者。若人愛敬利益得福亦多。故因果經偈云。

If one opens the mind and acts solely for the benefit of others, the merit obtained is great. Furthermore, with regard to the recipient of the gift, there are the poor and the sick, or those who know the Dharma but lack necessities. If one gives so as to benefit them and increase their goodness, then the gift is appropriate and the merit obtained is great. Thus the Xianyu jing says: "The Buddha praised five kinds of giving that obtain immeasurable merit: namely, giving to one who comes from afar, to one who goes far away, to one who is sick and emaciated, giving food and drink in times of hunger and starvation, and giving to one who knows the Dharma. Such five kinds of giving obtain merit in the present life." Such giving is appropriate and immediately obtains abundant merit; it is not like seeking fame, where giving to unnecessary places, no matter how much one renounces, fails to attain pure retribution. Furthermore, as for rejoicing in the giving of others: when viewed against those who commit extremely coarse unwholesome deeds, this subtle fault may also be called wholesome; but when viewed against detachment from desire and acting solely for others, this mixed karma is indeed a fault. Thus the Mahāprajñāpāramitā-śāstra says: "Coarse people have coarse faults; refined people have refined faults." Therefore, in this mixed karma, faults and merits proceed together; in view of the mind, it is not pure and is impure karma. The above explains that faults and merits proceed together, concluding the impure mixed karma of the desire realm. As for pure karma, it can be known by reversing the above. Thus the Śata-śāstra says: "As for pure giving: if a person gives with love, respect, and benefit, the merit obtained is also great." Thus a verse from the Yinguo jing says: