法苑珠林 8.97

8.97

爾時日種甘蔗之王召一國師大婆羅門來語之言。大婆羅門。我四王子今在何處。國師答言。大王當知。王之四子已各出國向於北方。乃至已生端正男女。時甘蔗王為自所愛諸王子故。心思欲見。意情歡喜。而發是言。彼諸王子能立國計。大好治化。彼等王子。是故立姓稱為釋迦。以釋迦住大樹蓊蔚枝條之陰。是故名為奢夷耆（及夷反）耶。以其本於迦毘羅仙處所。住故因城立名。故名迦毘羅婆蘇都。時甘蔗王三子。沒後唯一子在。名尼拘羅（隋言別成）長阿含經云。住直樹林。又號釋林。因林為姓。又父王聞四子端正。曰此真釋子也。

At that time, the Ikṣvāku king of the Solar clan summoned a state preceptor, a great brāhmaṇa, and spoke to him, saying: “Great Brāhmaṇa, where are my four princes now?” The state preceptor replied: “Great King, you should know: the four sons of the king have already departed the country and gone to the north, and have even begotten handsome sons and daughters.” Then King Ikṣvāku, out of love for his princes, wished in his mind to see them, was delighted in his heart, and uttered these words: “Those princes are able to establish state policies and govern and transform [their realm] exceedingly well.” Because those princes were able (śakya), their lineage surname was established as Śākya. Because the Śākyas dwelt beneath the shade of the lush branches of a great tree (śāka), they were therefore called Śākya (spelled as she-yi-qi). Because they initially dwelt at the abode of the sage Kapila, the city was named after it, hence called Kapilavastu. Later, after three sons of King Ikṣvāku passed away, only one son remained, named Nikura (in the language of the Sui: Biecheng). The Dīrghāgama says: “They dwelt in a forest of straight trees, also called the Śāka forest. The surname was derived from the forest.” Furthermore, when the father king heard that his four sons were upright and handsome, he said: “These are truly Śākyas (the capable ones).”