法苑珠林 87.78

87.78

According to the Vinayamātṛkā-śāstra, there are five kinds of the three refuges: first, turning away from heterodoxy; second, the five precepts; third, the eight precepts; fourth, the ten precepts; fifth, the full precepts. (Beneath the three refuges of the five, eight, and ten precepts, each differs according to the text of reception. As for the three refuges of the full precepts, before the Buddha first delivered people and had not yet conducted the formal karman, there were those who attained the precepts by receiving the three refuges, and there were those who attained the precepts by the 'Come, bhikṣu' formula. Now in this school, it is only explained that when one has long believed in heterodoxy and now initially changes one's mind to take refuge in the true Buddha, one now first receives the three refuges and only afterwards begins repentance; this is called the three refuges that turn away from heterodoxy. Therefore, the Mahāprajñāpāramitā-śāstra states: 'First begin with the three refuges, and afterwards begin repentance.' If one has long believed in the Buddha, one need not first receive the three refuges, but merely relies on the three refuges of the five precepts or eight precepts: having first repented, one afterwards receives the three refuges, and then the marks of the precepts are explained.) According to the Mahāprajñāpāramitā-śāstra, when one is just about to receive them, one should fully cultivate deportment and approach before an ordained monastic. The preceptor explains the two dharmas of good and evil to make him recognize heterodoxy and orthodoxy, engender appreciation and aversion, and open and entrust his mind and consciousness. Afterwards, they are conferred, saying: