法苑珠林 90.22

90.22

Furthermore, the Mahāprajñāpāramitā-śāstra says: 'There are renunciants who delight in concocting medicinal broths, planting grains, growing trees, and the like, to make an impure livelihood; this is called downward-facing livelihood. Observing the stars and constellations, the sun and moon, wind and rain, thunder and lightning, to make an impure livelihood; this is called upward-facing livelihood. Flattering the powerful, acting as envoys in the four directions, and seeking much with clever words to make an impure livelihood; this is called directional livelihood. Studying various spells and incantations, divining auspiciousness and inauspiciousness with improper mental techniques—such impure livelihoods as these are called intermediate livelihood. Furthermore, there are five kinds of wrong livelihood. What are the five? First, fraudulently displaying strange and extraordinary appearances for the sake of material gain. Second, personally extolling one's own virtues for the sake of material gain. Third, divining auspiciousness and inauspiciousness and explaining them broadly to others for the sake of material gain. Fourth, displaying authority in a loud voice to make people fear and respect one for the sake of material gain. Fifth, proclaiming the offerings one has obtained in order to stir people's minds for the sake of material gain. One should know that when a renunciant, for the sake of pursuing material gain, maintains his life through various wrong livelihoods, all of these break the precepts and cannot avoid the evil destinies. Furthermore, a renunciant must constantly be free from attachment. If one is partial to a single place, one will develop many dwelling attachments, being biased toward one's own associates and giving rise to jealousy toward others.'