諸經要集 14.88

14.88

又賢愚經云。昔佛在世時。與諸比丘向毘舍離。到梨越河。見人捕魚。網得一魚身有百頭。有五百人挽不出水。是時河邊有五百人。而共放牛即借挽之。千人併力方得出水。見而怪之。眾人競看。佛與比丘往到魚所。而問魚言。汝是迦毘𪏭不。魚答言是。復問魚言。教匠汝者今在何處。魚答佛言。墮阿毘獄。阿難見已問其因緣。佛告阿難。乃往過去迦葉佛時。有婆羅門。生一男兒。字迦毘梨。聰明博達多聞第一。父死之後。其母問兒。汝今高明。世間頗有更勝汝不。兒答母言。沙門殊勝。我有所疑往問沙門。為我解說令我開解。彼若問我。我不能答。母即語言。汝今何不學習其法。兒答母言。若欲習者。當作沙門。我是白衣。何緣得學。母語兒言。汝今且可偽作沙門。學達還家。兒受母教。即作比丘經少時間。學通三藏還來歸家。母復問兒。今得勝未。兒答母言。由未勝也。母語兒言。自今已往。若共談論。儻不如時便可罵辱。汝當得勝。兒受母教。後論不如即便罵言。汝等沙門愚騃無識。頭如獸頭。百獸之頭無不比之。緣是罵故今受魚身。一身百頭駝驢牛馬猪羊犬等眾獸之頭無不備有。阿難問佛。何時當得脫此魚身。佛告阿難。此賢劫中。千佛過去猶故不脫此魚身。以是因緣。身口意業不可不慎。

Furthermore, the Xianyu jing says: In the past, when the Buddha was in the world, he was heading toward Vaiśālī together with the bhikṣus. Arriving at the Rohita River, they saw people fishing who had caught in their nets a fish that had a hundred heads on its body. Five hundred men could not drag it out of the water. At that time, on the riverbank there were five hundred men who were herding cattle together, so [the fishermen] borrowed their aid to pull it. Only when a thousand men combined their strength could it be pulled from the water. Seeing it, they marvelled at it, and the multitude vied to gaze upon it. The Buddha went with the bhikṣus to the place of the fish and asked the fish, 'Are you Kapila?' The fish replied, 'I am.' He further asked the fish, 'Where is the one who instructed you now?' The fish answered the Buddha, 'He has fallen into the Avīci Hell.' Having seen this, Ānanda asked about its causes and conditions. The Buddha told Ānanda, 'Long ago in the past, at the time of Kāśyapa Buddha, there was a brāhmaṇa who had a son named Kapila, who was intelligent, broadly learned, and foremost in erudition. After the father died, his mother asked the boy, "You are now elevated and brilliant; is there anyone in the world who is superior to you?" The son answered his mother, "The śramaṇas are exceptionally superior. When I have doubts and go to ask the śramaṇas, they explain to me and bring me to understanding. If they ask me, I am unable to answer." The mother then said to him, "Why do you not study their Dharma now?" The son answered his mother, "If I wish to study it, I must become a śramaṇa. I am a white-clad layman; by what means could I study it?" The mother said to the son, "You may now temporarily feign being a śramaṇa, and once you have mastered the study, return home." The son received his mother's instruction, forthwith became a bhikṣu, and after a short time, mastered the Tripiṭaka and returned home. The mother again asked the son, "Have you now surpassed them?" The son answered his mother, "I have still not surpassed them." The mother said to the son, "From now on, if you debate together and happen to be inferior, you may then revile and insult them, and you will prevail." The son received his mother's instruction, and afterwards, when he was inferior in debate, he would revile them, saying, "You śramaṇas are foolish and senseless, with heads like the heads of beasts!" There was not one among the heads of a hundred beasts to which he did not compare them. Because of this reviling, he now receives the body of a fish with a single body and a hundred heads—the heads of camels, donkeys, cattle, horses, pigs, sheep, dogs, and various other beasts, not one of which is missing.' Ānanda asked the Buddha, 'When will it be able to escape this fish's body?' The Buddha told Ānanda, 'In this Auspicious Kalpa, even after a thousand Buddhas have passed away, it will still not have escaped this fish's body. By these causes and conditions, one cannot but be cautious regarding the karma of body, speech, and mind.'