諸經要集 12.52

12.52

As the *Mahāvibhāṣā-śāstra says: 'Within this desire realm, all six destinies are fully included. The form and formless realms each include a minor portion of the six destinies. The reason they differ is that the desire realm is a distracted plane; sentient beings create karma through mixed defilements without purity, being either wholesome or unwholesome. Because of these differences, they receive retributions according to their karma, with many distinctions. The upper two realms are exclusively planes of concentration; sentient beings are calm and still, and the karma they initiate is also uniform. Therefore there are no distinctions of multiple destinies.' Question: How do the four modes of birth and the six destinies mutually include one another? Answer: As explained in the Abhidharma, gods and hell-dwellers are solely apparitionally born. The ghost destiny has only two: namely womb-born and apparitionally born. Humans and animals each possess all four modes of birth. Therefore this treatise asks: 'Do the modes of birth subsume the destinies, or do the destinies subsume the modes of birth?' Then it answers itself: