諸經要集 20.59

20.59

Also, the Vinayamātṛkā states: “In front of the bhikṣus' living rooms and in open spaces, urine soiled the ground and the foul stench made it impossible to walk. When the Buddha heard of this, he told the bhikṣus: ‘From this day forward, bhikṣus are not permitted to urinate in various places throughout the saṅghārāma. They should gather it in a secluded, screened place, using either an earthenware jar or a wooden bucket buried in the ground. After urinating, cover the top with an object so as not to let out a foul stench. When going to the privy, one should first take a scraper stick and go before the door, snapping the fingers three times to make a sound, so that humans or non-humans are made aware. If there is no scraper stick, one must not wipe on the wall, nor on the privy boards, beams, or pegs. One must not use stones, nor fresh grass, clods of earth, soft tree bark, soft leaves, or unusual wood—none of these may be used. What should be used: make scrapers from wood, bamboo, or reeds. The rule of measurement: the longest is one span; the short is four finger-breadths. Those already used must not be shaken so as to soil clean ones, nor placed among the clean scrapers. This is called the rule for using scrapers when going to the privy. There are two places at the privy: the first is the place for relieving oneself; the second is the place for using water. At the place for using water, sitting, standing, and lifting robes are all just as at the place for relieving oneself without difference. Before the privy door, place a pure pitcher of water, and one should also place a small pitcher. If one has one's own pitcher, one should use it oneself. If one has no pitcher, use the small pitcher by the privy; one must not directly use water from the Saṅgha's large pitcher so as to soil it. This is called the rule for using water when going to the privy.’”