釋氏要覽 1.459

1.459

毘婆沙論云。食竟上座說法。有四事益。一為消信施。二為報恩。三為說法令歡喜。清淨善根成就。四在家人應行財施出家人應行法施（智度論云。以諸佛語妙善之法。為人說是法施。又云。常以好語有所利益是名法施。又云。非但言說名為法施。又云。若常以淨心善思以教一切。是名法施。譬如財施不以善心。不名福德）○增一經阿難云。一偈之中。便出三十七品。及諸法迦葉問曰。何者一偈。阿難云。諸惡莫作。眾善奉行。自淨其意。是諸佛教。所以然者。諸惡莫作。戒具之禁。清白之行。眾善奉行。心意清淨。自淨其意。除邪顛倒。是諸佛教。去愚去想。夫戒淨者。意豈不淨。意淨者。則不顛倒。以無顛倒。愚惑想滅。三十七品果便成就。以成道果。豈非諸法乎（食後說法。其儀久亡。今浙僧食次誦一卷般若心經。亦是說法法施也）。

The Mahāvibhāṣā-śāstra says: "When the senior elder expounds the Dharma after eating, there are four benefits: first, to digest the offerings of faith; second, to repay kindness; third, by expounding the Dharma, to bring joy and cause pure wholesome roots to be accomplished; fourth, householders should practice the giving of wealth, and renunciants should practice the giving of Dharma." (The Dazhidulun says: "Expounding for people the wondrous, wholesome teachings of the words of all Buddhas is the giving of Dharma. It also says: 'Always using good words to bring benefit is called the giving of Dharma.' It also says: 'The giving of Dharma is not merely speech.' It also says: 'If one constantly teaches all beings with a pure mind and wholesome thoughts, this is called the giving of Dharma. Just as the giving of wealth without a wholesome mind is not called merit.'") The Ekottarika-āgama states that Ānanda said: "Within a single verse, the thirty-seven limbs [of awakening] and all dharmas are produced." Kāśyapa asked: "Which single verse?" Ānanda said: "'Commit no evil deeds, / Practice all good deeds, / Purify one's own mind: / This is the teaching of all Buddhas.' Why is this so? 'Commit no evil deeds' is the restraint of complete precepts and pure conduct. 'Practice all good deeds' is the purity of mind and thought. 'Purify one's own mind' is removing erroneous inversions. 'This is the teaching of all Buddhas' is casting away delusion and conception. Now, if the precepts are pure, how could the mind not be pure? If the mind is pure, then it is not inverted. Because it is not inverted, the thoughts of delusion and confusion are extinguished. The fruit of the thirty-seven limbs is then accomplished. Having accomplished the fruit of the path, are these not all dharmas?" (The ceremony of expounding the Dharma after a meal has long been lost. Nowadays, Zhejiang monks recite one roll of the Prajñāpāramitā Hṛdaya Sūtra during the meal, which is also the expounding of Dharma and the giving of Dharma.)