釋氏要覽 1.56

1.56

雜阿含經云。何名法師。佛言若於色說是生厭離欲滅盡寂靜法者名法師若於受想行識說是生厭離欲滅盡寂靜法者名法師○十住婆沙論云。應行四法。名法師一廣博多學。能持一切言辭章句。二決定善知世間出世間諸法生滅相。三得禪定智。於諸經法隨順無諍。四不增不損如所說行○辯中邊論。十種法師頌曰。謂書寫。供養。施他。聽。披讀。受持。正開演說。誦。及思。修。

The Saṃyuktāgama states: "What is called a Dharma master? The Buddha said: 'If one teaches with respect to form the Dharma of wearying [of it], abandoning desire [for it], and tranquil cessation, one is called a Dharma master; if one teaches with respect to feeling, perception, volitional formations, and consciousness the Dharma of wearying [of them], abandoning desire [for them], and tranquil cessation, one is called a Dharma master.'" The Daśabhūmika-vibhāṣā states: "One who practices four dharmas is called a Dharma master: 1. broad and extensive learning, able to retain all words and phrases; 2. definitively and thoroughly knowing the arising and ceasing characteristics of all mundane and supramundane dharmas; 3. attaining the wisdom of meditative absorption, conforming to all scriptures and teachings without dispute; and 4. practicing as taught, without adding or subtracting." The Madhyāntavibhāga has a verse on the ten kinds of Dharma masters, which says: "Namely, copying, making offerings, giving to others, listening, opening and reading, receiving and retaining, properly explaining and preaching, reciting, reflecting upon, and cultivating [the Dharma]."