釋氏要覽 3.428

3.428

律云。僧輕物。差一五法比丘。分與現前僧。為分不均故。佛聽集眾。先以言白眾。和許可賣共分（言五法者。不隨愛。不隨嗔。不隨癡。不隨怖。知得不得。亦名五德）十誦律云。賣衣未三唱比丘益價。後心悔疑奪彼衣（疑是奪前酬價者）佛言。未三唱竟益價。不犯○目得迦云。佛言。初准衣時。可處中。勿令太貴大賤。不應待其價極方與之。若不買者故增價。犯惡作罪○大毘婆沙論。問。命過比丘衣鉢等。云何得分。答彼於昔時。亦曾分他。如是財物。今時命過。他還分之○增輝記云。佛制。分衣本意。為令在者見其亡物分與眾僧。作是思念彼既如斯。我還若此。因其對治令息貪求故。今不能省察此事。翻於唱賣之時。爭價上下。喧呼取[竺-二+(犮-乂+又)]。以為快樂。誤之甚也。仁者宜忌之。

The *Vinaya* states: "For light monastic goods, assign a bhikṣu of five qualities to distribute them to the present Saṅgha. Lest the distribution be unequal, the Buddha permitted the assembly to be gathered, first addressing the assembly with words, and after their assent, [the goods] may be sold and shared together." (As for the "five qualities," they are: not following love, not following hatred, not following delusion, not following fear, and knowing what is obtainable and what is not obtainable; also called the five virtues.) The *Sarvāstivāda-vinaya* states: "When selling a robe and the three announcements have not yet finished, a bhikṣu raises the price, but later repents in his mind, suspecting that he took that robe away from another." (Suspecting that he seized it from the previous bidder.) The Buddha said: "If the three announcements have not ended and one raises the price, there is no transgression." The *Mātṛkā* states: "The Buddha said: 'When first evaluating the robe, one should keep to the middle, not making it too expensive or too cheap. One should not wait until the price reaches the extreme before giving it. If one who does not intend to buy intentionally raises the price, he commits an offense of bad action (duṣkṛta).'" The *Mahāvibhāṣā-śāstra* asks: "Regarding the robes, bowls, and so forth of a deceased bhikṣu, how may they be distributed?" It answers: "In the past, he also shared such goods of others; now that his life has ended, others likewise share his." The *Zenghui ji* states: "The Buddha's original intention in instituting the distribution of robes was to cause those who remain to see the deceased person's property distributed to the monastic Saṅgha and reflect: 'Since he was like this, I will also be like this.' By means of this antidote, covetous seeking is extinguished. Nowadays, people fail to examine this matter, and conversely, at the time of calling out and selling, they dispute over whether the price is high or low, clamoring and rejoicing, taking it as entertainment. This is a grave error. Benevolent persons should avoid it."