釋氏要覽 3.174

3.174

Daoxuan's Nanshan Commentary says: 'Quietly restraining body and mind is called an (settling); resolving on this dwelling is called ju (residing). The Vinaya institutes rules for the three seasons, specifically concerning the summer months: 1. Wandering about without cause obstructs cultivating the supramundane undertaking; 2. Harming living beings genuinely violates compassion deeply; 3. Since the conduct is improper, it incurs worldly censure. The Vinaya Master Daoxuan's Dharmaguptaka Karman says: "The three retreats refer to the early, middle, and late." In the Vinaya, there was a bhikṣu who intended to enter the retreat on the sixteenth day of the fourth month, but did not reach the destination, arriving only on the seventeenth day. The Buddha said: "I allow the later retreat," which is the sixteenth day of the fifth month. ○ The Arthaviniścaya Śāstra says: "One may observe the retreat in a place free from five faults: 1. (Too) far from settlements, so that seeking necessities is difficult; 2. Too close to cities, obstructing cultivation of the supramundane path; 3. Many insects and ants, harming both oneself and others; 4. Lacking a person to rely upon (a person to rely upon possesses five utilities: (1) if one seeks to hear, he lets one hear; (2) having heard, he makes it pure; (3) he can resolve right and wrong; (4) he is thoroughly versed without obstruction; (5) he has right view without crookedness); 5. Lacking donors to supply robes and medicines. In all such places, one may not observe the retreat."'