一切經音義 1.21

1.21

庸鄙（上勇從反考聲庸愚也鄭眾注大戴禮孔子曰所謂庸人者口不道善言又不能選賢人善士而託其身以為已直從物而流不知所歸若此者可謂庸人也楚辭亦云斯賤之人也說文從庚用聲也下悲美反考聲鄙賤人也惡鄙野不慧之稱名鄙夫說文五酇為鄙從邑[口/(百-日+回)]聲[口/(百-日+回)]音鄙酇音子短反百戶也凡五百家為鄙也）。

Vulgar and base (庸鄙: The upper character has the fanqie sound yong-cong [yōng]. The Kaosheng states: 'Yong means foolish.' Zheng Zhong's commentary on the Da Dai Liji quotes Confucius: 'What is called a mediocre man is one whose mouth does not speak good words, nor can he choose worthy men and good gentlemen to entrust himself to, taking them as upright; he merely follows along with things and drifts, not knowing where to return. One such as this may be called a mediocre man.' The Songs of Chu also states: 'Such a lowly person.' The Shuowen states: 'It derives from geng with the sound yong (用).' The lower character has the fanqie sound bei-mei [bǐ]. The Kaosheng states: 'Bi means a lowly person; an appellation for bad, vulgar, rustic, and unintelligent is a bifu (rustic man).' The Shuowen states: 'Five zizan make a bi; it derives from city (邑) with the sound [口/(百-日+回)] (pronounced bǐ).' Zizan has the fanqie sound zi-duan [zǎn], meaning one hundred households; altogether five hundred families make a bi).