一切經音義 21.220

21.220

卐字之形（今勘梵本卐字乃是德者之相元非字也。然經中上下據漢本總一十七字同呼為万。依梵文有二十八相。即八種相中四種相也。謂室利靺瑳。難提迦物多。塞嚩悉底迦。本囊伽吒又有鉢特忙斫訖羅拔折羅等三相。雖於華藏迴向二品中有。以其可識無謬故此不列在數。又有盎句奢相此經總無故亦不列其一十七相。既非萬字又非一色之相。今顯異同謂第八卷有一室利靺瑳相。第九卷有三相。初難提迦物多。次室利靺瑳。後亦室利靺瑳。第二十二有一相謂塞縛悉底迦。第二十七有五相。初室利靺瑳。次塞縛悉底迦。次難提迦物多。次室利靺瑳。後難提迦物多。第四十八有三相。一塞縛悉底迦相。二室利靺瑳。三室利靺瑳。第五十七五十八六十三六十五等中各有一室利靺瑳相。若謹依梵本總有二十八相具顯如刊定記說也）。

Shape of the svastika mark (upon examining the Sanskrit texts, the svastika shape is in fact a mark of virtue and was originally not a written character. However, throughout the Chinese version of this sūtra, a total of seventeen marks are collectively called the character wan. According to the Sanskrit text there are twenty-eight marks, which are four of the eight auspicious marks: śrīvatsa, nandikāvarta, svastika, and pūrṇaghaṭa. There are also three other marks—padma, cakra, and vajra—which, although they appear in the Flower Treasury and Dedication chapters, are easily recognizable and without error, so they are not enumerated here. There is also the aṅkuśa mark, which does not appear in this sūtra at all and is therefore also excluded from the count. These seventeen marks are neither the character wan nor of a single appearance. Now, showing their differences: Fascicle 8 has one śrīvatsa mark; Fascicle 9 has three marks: first nandikāvarta, next śrīvatsa, and last also śrīvatsa; Fascicle 22 has one mark, namely svastika; Fascicle 27 has five marks: first śrīvatsa, next svastika, next nandikāvarta, next śrīvatsa, and last nandikāvarta; Fascicle 48 has three marks: first svastika, second śrīvatsa, and third śrīvatsa; Fascicles 57, 58, 63, and 65 each contain one śrīvatsa mark. If one strictly follows the Sanskrit manuscripts, there are twenty-eight marks in total, fully explained as in the Kanding ji).