一切經音義 21.47

21.47

摩竭提國（摩竭提者。或云摩伽陀。或云摩揭陀。或曰墨竭提。此之多名由依八轉聲勢呼召致異。然其意義大略不殊。或有釋云摩者不也。揭提至也。言其國將謀兵勇隣敵不能侵至也。又有云摩遍也。竭提聰慧也。言聰慧之人遍其國內。又有云摩大也。竭提體也。謂五印度中此國最大統攝諸國故名大體。又釋云摩無也。竭提害也。言此國法不行刑戮其有犯死罪者送置寒林耳）。

The Country of Magadha (Magadha is sometimes called Magadhe, Magadha, or Mogadie. These various names arise from differing invocations based on the inflections of the eight grammatical cases. However, their meaning is generally not different. Some explain: "*Ma* means 'not'; *gadha* means 'to reach'. This means that the country's strategists and soldiers are so brave that neighboring enemies cannot invade and reach it." Others say: "*Ma* means 'pervading'; *gadha* means 'intelligent'. This means that intelligent people pervade the country." Others say: "*Ma* means 'great'; *gadha* means 'substance/body'. Among the five regions of India, this country is the largest and governs all the kingdoms, hence it is called 'great body'." Another explanation states: "*Ma* means 'without'; *gadha* means 'harm'. This means that the law of this country does not execute or punish; those guilty of capital crimes are merely sent to the charnel grounds").