一切經音義 57.164

57.164

佞嬖（上寧定反賈注國語云偽善乍仁也顧野王云諂從諫以悅君上之意也案佞者諂媚於上曲順人情乍偽似仁故從仁從女說文巧諂也下音閉杜注左傳云嬖親幸也王注楚辭云嬖猶愛也謚法曰賤而得愛曰嬖劉熈曰嬖卑也媟卑接媚以色事人也說文從女辟而聲也媟音屑也）。

佞嬖 (The first character has the fanqie 寧 + 定. Jia's commentary on the Guoyu states that it means hypocritical goodness and pretended benevolence. Gu Yewang states that it means using flattery to comply with admonitions so as to please the ruler's mind. We note that a flatterer obsequiously fawns upon superiors and crookedly complies with human feelings, pretending to resemble benevolence; hence it is formed from 仁 and 女. The Shuowen says it means clever flattery. The second character is pronounced 閉. Du's commentary on the Zuo zhuan states that 嬖 means being a favored intimate. Wang's commentary on the Chuci states that 嬖 is like love. The Rules for Posthumous Names state: "A lowly person who attains love is called 嬖." Liu Xi states: "嬖 means low; through familiarity and low sycophancy one serves people with their looks." The Shuowen says it is formed from 女 with 辟 phonetic. 媟 is pronounced 屑).