一切經音義 59.18

59.18

袈裟（舉佉反。下所加反。韻集音加沙。字本從毛作[(己*殳)/毛][渻-目+毛]二形葛洪後作字苑始改從衣。案外國通稱袈裟。此云不正色也。諸木中若皮若葉若花等不成五味雜以為食者則名迦沙。此物染衣其色濁赤故梵本五濁之濁亦名迦沙。天竺比丘多用此色。或言緇衣者。當是初譯之時見其色濁因以名也。又案如幻三昧經云。晉言無垢穢。又義云離塵服。或云消瘦衣。或稱蓮華服。或言間色衣。皆隨義立名耳。真諦三藏云袈裟。此云赤血色衣言外國雖有五部不同並皆赤色。言青黑木蘭者但點之異耳）。

袈裟 (The first character has the fanqie *jǔ-qū; the second has *suǒ-jiā. The Yunji gives the sound *jiā-shā. The characters originally took the wool radical, written in the two forms [(己*殳)/毛] and [渻-目+毛]; later, Ge Hong composed the Ziyuan and first changed them to take the clothing radical. Examining foreign lands, it is universally called kaṣāya, translated here as 'improper color'. Among various trees, if their bark, leaves, flowers, etc., do not make up the five flavors and are mixed to make food, they are called kaṣāya. When this substance is used to dye robes, its color is turbid red; thus in Sanskrit texts the 'turbid' of the five turbidities is also called kaṣāya. Most Indian bhikṣus use this color. Some call it 'dark robes' (緇衣), which was likely named when it was first translated upon seeing its turbid color. Furthermore, examining the Māyopama-samādhi-sūtra, it says: 'In the Jin language, it means undefiled.' In another sense, it is called 'robes free from dust'. Or it is called 'robes of emaciation'. Or it is called 'lotus robes'. Or it is called 'robes of mixed color'. These are all names established according to meaning. Tripiṭaka Master Paramārtha said: 'Kaṣāya translates here as blood-red robes.' He states that although foreign lands have five different schools, all use red. What is called blue-black or magnolia-color differs only in the spotting/marking).