翻譯名義集 1.20

1.20

《福田論》敘三寶曰：「功成妙智道登圓覺，佛也。玄理幽微正教精誠，法也。禁戒守真威儀出俗，僧也。皆是四生導首、六趣舟航，故名為寶。」無機子問曰：「如《涅槃》云：『諸佛所師，所謂法也。』則應立教舉法為初，何緣垂訓佛居先耶？」釋曰：人能弘道，非道弘人。佛有能演之功，法無自顯之力，猶若伏藏藉人指出，故初稱佛，然後示法。佛有無量德亦有無量名，故今此集先列十號。言十號者，一、倣同先跡號；二、堪為福田號；三、遍知法界號；四、果顯因德號；五、妙往菩提號；六、達偽通真號；七、攝化從道號；八、應機授法號；九、覺悟歸真號；十、三界獨尊號。

The Futian lun sets forth the Three Jewels, saying: 'Accomplishing wondrous wisdom, whose practice reaches complete enlightenment, is the Buddha. The profound, subtle ultimate principle and the pure, earnest correct teaching are the Dharma. Observing the pure prohibitions, keeping to the true, and having a deportment that transcends the worldly is the Saṅgha. All are leaders of the four kinds of birth and a vessel for the six destinies; hence they are called Jewels.' The Master Wuji asked: 'As the Nirvāṇa [Sūtra] says: "That which is the teacher of all buddhas is the Dharma." Then in establishing the teaching one should take the Dharma as the first; for what reason did the bequeathed instructions place the Buddha first?' It is explained: Man can enlarge the Way; the Way does not enlarge man. The Buddha has the power to expound, whereas the Dharma has no power to reveal itself, just as a hidden treasure requires someone to point it out; therefore, the Buddha is named first, and only then is the Dharma shown. The Buddha has immeasurable virtues and also immeasurable names; therefore, in this collection we first list the ten epithets. As for the ten epithets: 1. the epithet of emulating prior footprints; 2. the epithet of being worthy of being a field of merit; 3. the epithet of universally knowing the dharmadhātu; 4. the epithet of the fruit manifesting the causal virtue; 5. the epithet of wondrously proceeding to bodhi; 6. the epithet of penetrating the false and reaching the true; 7. the epithet of gathering and transforming [beings] to follow the Way; 8. the epithet of conferring the Dharma according to capacity; 9. the epithet of awakening and returning to truth; 10. the epithet of being uniquely revered in the three realms.