翻譯名義集 7.43

7.43

【僧伽梨】《西域記》云：「僧迦胝，舊訛云僧伽梨。此云合，又云重，謂割之合成。」義淨云：「僧迦胝，唐言重複衣。」《靈感傳》云：「每轉法輪，披僧迦梨。」南山云：「此三衣名，諸部無正翻，今以義譯，大衣名雜碎衣，以條數多故。若從用為名，則曰入王宮聚落時衣，乞食說法時著。」《薩婆多論》大衣分三品：九條、十一條、十三條，兩長一短，名下品；十五條、十七條、十九條，三長一短，名中品；二十一條、二十三條、二十五條，四長一短，名上品。《會正記》問所以長增而短少者？《業疏》云：「法服敬田，為利諸有，表聖增而凡減也。」《業疏》云：「今準《十誦》。加持，應云：『大德一心念，我比丘某甲，是僧伽梨（若干）條衣，受（若干）長（若干）短（割截揲葉）衣持（三說）。』」《會正記》云：「如缺大衣，下二衣有長者，開將作從（去聲）。受持，應加云：『大德一心念，我某甲比丘，此安陀會二十五條衣，受四長一短，割截衣持（三說。《僧祇》云：有緣須捨者，具修威儀加法云）：「大德一心念，我比丘某甲，此僧伽梨是我三衣數，先受持，今捨（一說，下二衣亦爾）。」』」

[Saṅghāṭī] The Xiyu ji says: 'Saṅghāṭī; anciently corrupted as sengqieli. Here this translates as "united," and also as "double," referring to cutting [strips] and assembling them together.' Yijing says: 'Saṅghāṭī is translated into the Tang language as "double robe".' The Linggan zhuan says: 'Whenever turning the wheel of the Dharma, he donned the saṅghāṭī.' Nanshan says: 'Regarding the names of these three robes, the various schools provide no definitive translations. Translating them here according to meaning, the great robe is named the " robe of miscellaneous pieces," because the number of strips is large. If named according to its function, it is called "the robe for entering royal palaces and settlements," worn when begging for food and expounding the Dharma.' The Sarvāstivāda-vinaya-vibhāṣā divides the great robe into three grades: nine strips, eleven strips, and thirteen strips, with two long and one short [segments], are called the lower grade; fifteen strips, seventeen strips, and nineteen strips, with three long and one short, are called the middle grade; twenty-one strips, twenty-three strips, and twenty-five strips, with four long and one short, are called the upper grade. The Huizheng ji asks: 'Why is it that the long [segments] increase while the short ones remain few?' The Yeshu says: 'The Dharma robe is a field of respect; to benefit all sentient beings, it signifies that the noble increases while the ordinary diminishes.' The Yeshu says: 'Now following the Sarvāstivāda-vinaya, the empowerment [formula] should say: "May the Venerable One keep in mind with single-hearted attention: I, the bhikṣu so-and-so, take and maintain this saṅghāṭī of [so many] strips, comprising [so many] long and [so many] short, a cut-and-pieced robe" (stated three times).' The Huizheng ji says: 'If one lacks a great robe and one of the lower two robes has extra strips, it is permitted to use it in place [of the great robe]. For taking and maintaining it, one should additionally say: "May the Venerable One keep in mind with single-hearted attention: I, the bhikṣu so-and-so, take and maintain this antarvāsaka of twenty-five strips, comprising four long and one short, a cut-and-pieced robe" (stated three times. The Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya says: If due to circumstances it must be relinquished, fully perform the dignified manner and recite the ritual formula: "May the Venerable One keep in mind with single-hearted attention: I, the bhikṣu so-and-so, have this saṅghāṭī, which was in my count of three robes, formerly taken and maintained; now I relinquish it" [stated once; the same applies to the lower two robes]).'