翻譯名義集 7.51

7.51

【迦絺那】《明了論》云：「為存略故，但言迦提。此翻功德。以坐夏有功，五利賞德也。」《西域記》以迦提翻昴星，昴星直此月故。《律鈔》引《明了論》翻為堅實，能感實，能感多，衣衣無敗壞故。又名難活，以貧人取活為難，捨少財入此衣，功德勝如以須彌大衣聚施也。或云堅固，又云廕覆。古翻為賞善罰惡衣，賞前安居人，後安居人不得也。亦翻功德衣，以僧眾同受此衣，招五利功德，律中受此衣故。畜長財，離衣宿，背請，別眾食，食前食後至他家。《四分》云：「安居竟，應受功德衣，則前安居人，七月十六日受，至十二月十五日捨。」《四分》云：「若得新衣，若檀越施衣，若糞掃衣（《四分》云糞掃者，則非死人衣）。新物揲作淨，若已浣。浣已納作淨，即日來不經宿，不以邪命得。應法四周有緣，五條作十隔，用袈裟色。受捨，應鳴鐘集僧羯磨。」具出〈自恣篇〉。

[Kaṭhina] The Mingliao lun says: 'For the sake of abbreviation, one simply says jia-ti. This translates as merit, because there is merit in keeping the summer retreat, and five benefits reward this virtue.' The Xiyu ji translates jia-ti as the Pleiades (Kṛttikā), because the Pleiades correspond to this month. The Lüchao cites the Mingliao lun, translating it as firm and solid: it can induce reality and induce abundance, because the robe does not deteriorate. It is also called "difficult to live by," because it is difficult for the poor to sustain their livelihood, yet relinquishing a small amount of wealth for this robe generates merit superior to giving a heap of robes as high as Mount Sumeru. It is also called stable, and also sheltering. Anciently it was translated as "the robe that rewards good and punishes evil," rewarding those of the earlier retreat, while those of the later retreat do not receive it. It is also translated as the merit robe, because when the monastic saṅgha collectively receives this robe, it brings the merits of five benefits. Receiving this robe according to the Vinaya permits: keeping extra cloth, spending the night apart from one's robes, eating elsewhere after an invitation, eating in separate groups, and going to other households before and after meals. The Dharmaguptaka-vinaya says: 'When the retreat has concluded, one should receive the merit robe; those of the earlier retreat receive it on the sixteenth day of the seventh month and relinquish it on the fifteenth day of the twelfth month.' The Dharmaguptaka-vinaya says: 'Whether one obtains new cloth, cloth offered by a donor, or rags from a dust heap (the Dharmaguptaka says rags from a dust heap do not mean robes from a dead person). New material should be cut and purified; if already washed, after washing, it should be stitched and purified, brought on the very day without spending the night, and not obtained through wrong livelihood. Conforming to the Dharma, it should have a border all around, five strips making ten compartments, and be colored as a kāṣāya. When receiving or relinquishing it, one should strike the bell, assemble the saṅgha, and perform the karmavācanā.' This is fully set forth in the "Chapter on Pravāraṇā".'