出三藏記集 1.23

1.23

Mahākāśyapa said to Ānanda, "From the Turning of the Wheel of the Dharma Sūtra to the Mahāparinirvāṇa, compile them into the four Āgamas: the Ekottarika-āgama, the Madhyama-āgama, the Dīrgha-āgama, and the Saṃyukta-āgama. This is called the Sūtra-dharma-piṭaka." The arhats further asked, "Who is able to clearly compile the Vinaya-piṭaka?" All said, "The elder Upāli is foremost among the five hundred arhats in upholding the Vinaya. Let us now invite him." They then invited him, saying, "Arise and take the lion throne. Where was the Buddha when he first expounded the Vinaya and laid down the precepts?" Upāli then received the order of the Saṅgha and sat upon the lion throne: "Thus have I heard: At one time, the Buddha was in Vaiśālī. At that time, Sudinna, son of the elder Kalandaka, first engaged in sexual desire. By this causal condition, the first grave offense was established: the meaning of the two hundred and fifty precepts was made into three divisions; seven dharmas, eight dharmas, the Bhikṣuṇī-vinaya, and the Ekottarika." Upāli asked [and established] the miscellaneous section and the virtuous section; such eighty sections formed the Vinaya-piṭaka. The arhats further deliberated together and invited Ānanda to compile the Abhidharma-piṭaka. They then invited him, saying, "Arise and take the lion throne. Where did the Buddha first expound the Abhidharma?" Ānanda received the order of the Saṅgha and said, "Thus have I heard: At one time, the Buddha was in the city of Śrāvastī. At that time, the Buddha addressed the monks: 'Whoever does not eradicate the five terrors, the five offenses, and the five enmities, by this causal condition, in this present life experiences immeasurable suffering in body and mind, and further in future lives falls into the evil destinies. Whoever is without these five terrors, five offenses, and five enmities, by this causal condition, in this present life experiences various pleasures of body and mind, and in future lives is born into the joy of the heavens. What five terrors should be kept far from? First, killing living beings; second, stealing; third, sexual misconduct; fourth, false speech; fifth, drinking liquor.'" Such things were called the Abhidharma-piṭaka. When the compilation of the three Dharma-piṭakas was completed, the devas, humans, ghosts, spirits, dragon kings, and others presented various offerings of heavenly flowers, incense, banners, canopies, and clothing in homage to the Dharma. Thereupon a verse was spoken: