出三藏記集 1.27

1.27

The preface to the Daśādhyāya-vinaya also says: Kāśyapa said, "Previously, when I was heading from the city of Pāvā toward the city of Kuśinagara, I heard on the road of the Buddha's nirvāṇa. An ignorant monk said, 'I am now master of myself: what I wish to do, I will do; what I do not wish to do, I will refrain from doing.' Furthermore, there were monks who spoke of non-Dharma as Dharma, and of Dharma as non-Dharma. For this reason, the Dharma-piṭaka should be compiled." Thereupon a karman was performed. Among the five hundred arhats, only Ānanda remained at the stage of a trainee (śaikṣa). They resided together for the summer retreat in Rājagṛha. First, they had Upāli bring forth the Vinaya-piṭaka. When each single matter was concluded, he asked Ājñātakauṇḍinya, and next asked the elder Cunda, Daśabalakāśyapa, and the rest of the five hundred arhats, down to the lowest, Ānanda, saying, "Is it as Upāli has said or not?" All replied, "I too heard this matter and this Dharma to be so." At that time Kāśyapa made an announcement amidst the Saṅgha, saying, "Let the venerable Saṅgha listen: The compilation of the first matter is complete. This is the Dharma; this is the teaching of the Buddha. No monk has said that it is non-Dharma or not the Buddha's teaching. Because the Saṅgha has silently approved, this matter shall be upheld thus." So it proceeded until the entire Vinaya-piṭaka was compiled. Only thereafter did he order Ānanda to bring forth the Sūtra-piṭaka and the Abhidharma-piṭaka. When Ānanda at last said, "Thus have I heard: At one time...," the five hundred arhats all knelt down on the ground in the barbarian posture, and with falling tears said, "We heard and saw the Dharma face-to-face from the Buddha, yet he only says 'I have heard.'" Kāśyapa said to Ānanda, "From now on, the beginning of [all texts of] the three piṭakas shall uniformly say 'Thus have I heard.'" Therefore, both [traditions] are preserved.