開元釋教錄 2.5.3

2.5.3

悔過法經一卷（或無法字一名序十方禮拜悔過文見僧祐錄）
賢者德經一卷（見僧祐錄）
梵志結淨經一卷（見長房錄）
阿質國王經一卷（見長房錄）
惟婁王師子潼譬喻經一卷（一本無譬喻字見長房錄）
藍達王經一卷（一云目連功德經亦云目連因緣功德經見吳錄）
百喻經一卷（見長房錄）
五陰事經一卷（見長房錄）
魔化作比丘經一卷（見長房錄）
優多羅母經一卷（一本無母字見僧祐錄）
人民求願經一卷（見長房錄）
修行方便經二卷（亦云修行方便禪經見吳錄）
法句經二卷（第二出亦法句集見別錄及僧祐錄）
右八十八部一百一十八卷（惟日雜難經上五十一部六十九卷
見在摩訶般若呪下三十七部四十九卷闕本）。
優婆塞支謙字恭明。一名越。大月支人也。祖
父法度以漢靈帝世率國人數百歸化。拜率
善中郎將。越年七歲騎竹馬戲於隣家。為狗
所囓脛骨傷碎。隣人欲殺狗取肝傅瘡。越曰。
天生此物為人守吠。若不往君舍狗終不見
囓。此則失在於我不關於狗。若殺之得差尚
不可為。況於我無益而空招大罪。且畜生無
知豈可理責。由是隣人感其言至遂不復殺。
十歲學漢書。十三學婆羅門書。並得精妙兼
通六國語音。初桓靈世支讖譯出法典。有支
亮字紀明。資學於讖。謙又受業於亮。博覽經
籍莫不明練。世間藝術多所綜習。其為人細
長黑瘦。眼多白而睛黃。時人為之語曰。支郎
眼中黃形體雖細是智囊。其本奉大法精練
經旨。獻帝之末漢室大亂。與鄉人數十共奔
於吳。初發日唯有一被。有一客隨之大寒無
被。越呼客共眠。夜將半客奪其被而去。明旦
同侶問被所在。越曰。昨夜為客所奪。同侶咸
曰。何不相告。答曰。我若告發卿等必以劫罪
罪之。豈宜以一被而殺一人乎。遠近聞者莫
不歎服。後吳主孫權聞其博學有才慧即召
見之。因問經中深隱之義。越應機釋難無疑
不折。權大悅拜為博士。使輔導東宮甚加寵
秩。越以大教雖行而經多梵文莫有解者。既
善華戎之語。乃收集眾本譯為吳言。從權黃
武二年癸卯至亮建興二年癸酉三十餘載。
譯大明度等經八十八部。曲得聖義辭旨文
雅。又依無量壽中本起經製讚菩薩連句梵
唄三契。注了本生死經。皆行於世。後太子登
位。遂隱於穹隘山不交世務。從竺法蘭道人
更練五戒。凡所遊從皆沙門而已。後卒於山
中。春秋六十。吳主孫亮與眾僧書曰支恭明
不救所疾。其業履冲素始終可高。為之惻愴
不能已已。其為時所惜如此謙所出經部卷
多少諸說不定。其僧祐三藏記唯載三十六
部。祐錄謙傳云出二十七經。慧皎高僧傳
乃有四十九經。長房錄中便載一百二十九
部。今以房錄所載多是別生或異名重載。今
隨次刪之如後所述。
鹿子經（與西晉竺法護所出鹿母經文同）
申日經（亦與法護所出月光童子經同）
出家功德經（今有兩本一是秦譯附於秦錄一從賢愚抄出今附別生錄中）
金剛清淨經（亦云金剛三昧本性清淨不滅不壞經後漢失譯錄中復載詳文非是支謙所出今移
附秦錄）
大慈無減經
寶女問三十二相經
魔女聞佛說法得男身經（大慈無減等三經並出大集經）
寶海寂志成就大悲經（出悲華經）
普廣菩薩經（即別行隨願往生經是出灌頂經）
摩調王經（出六度經）
佛為訶利曠野鬼說法經（或云訶利出中阿含）
枯樹經（或上加大字）
鷹鷂獵經
鵄鳥事經（枯樹等三經並出增一阿含）
色無常經
諸漏盡經（或無漏字）
雪山無獼猴經（或作猨猴或無無字）
無母子經
不淨觀經
三種良馬經
四種良馬經
壽命促經
河中草龜經
國王成就五法久存於世經
佛為外道須深說離欲經（色無常等十一經並出雜阿含）
是我所經
梵志經（上二經並出生經）
桀貪王經（出義足經）
外道仙尼說度經
度梵志經（上二經小乘抄）
瞎鼈經
梵志問佛世間增減經
三魚失水經
甘露道經
降千梵志經
梵志子死稻敗經

Sūtra on the Method of Repentance, 1 fascicle (or without the word "Method"; also titled Preface and Text for Bowing and Repentance in the Ten Directions; found in Sengyou's catalogue).
Sūtra on the Virtues of the Worthy, 1 fascicle (found in Sengyou's catalogue).
Sūtra on the Brahman's Purifying Vows, 1 fascicle (found in Changfang's catalogue).
Sūtra on the King of the Country of Azhi, 1 fascicle (found in Changfang's catalogue).
Sūtra on the Parable of the Lion Boy of King Weilou, 1 fascicle (one copy lacks the word "Parable"; found in Changfang's catalogue).
Sūtra on King Landan, 1 fascicle (also titled Sūtra on Maudgalyāyana's Merit, or Sūtra on the Merit of Maudgalyāyana's Dependent Origination; found in the Wu Catalogue).
Sūtra of a Hundred Parables, 1 fascicle (found in Changfang's catalogue).
Sūtra on the Affair of the Five Aggregates, 1 fascicle (found in Changfang's catalogue).
Sūtra on Māra Transforming into a Monk, 1 fascicle (found in Changfang's catalogue).
Sūtra on Uttara's Mother, 1 fascicle (one copy lacks the word "Mother"; found in Sengyou's catalogue).
Sūtra on the People Seeking Wishes, 1 fascicle (found in Changfang's catalogue).
Sūtra on the Expedients of Cultivation, 2 fascicles (also titled Meditation Sūtra on the Expedients of Cultivation; found in the Wu Catalogue).
Dharmapada, 2 fascicles (second translation; also called Dharmapada Compilation; found in the Classified Catalogue and Sengyou's catalogue).
The above eighty-eight works in one hundred and eighteen fascicles (above, from the Sūtra of Miscellaneous Difficulties of Weiri, fifty-one works in sixty-nine fascicles are extant; below, from the Mahāprajñā Dhāraṇī, thirty-seven works in forty-nine fascicles are lost).
Upāsaka Zhi Qian, courtesy name Gongming, also named Yue, was a man of the Da Yuezhi. His grandfather, Fadu, led several hundred of his countrymen to pledge allegiance [to China] during the reign of Emperor Ling of the Han, and was appointed Palace Vice Commander Who Leads the Virtuous. When Yue was seven years old, he was riding a bamboo horse and playing at a neighbour's house, when a dog bit him, fracturing and crushing his shinbone. The neighbour wished to kill the dog and take its liver to apply to the wound. Yue said: "Heaven created this creature to guard and bark for humans. If I had not gone to your house, the dog would never have bitten me. Thus the fault lies with me and has nothing to do with the dog. Even if killing it would cure me, it still should not be done, let alone when it brings me no benefit and merely incurs great guilt in vain. Moreover, beasts have no understanding; how can one hold them accountable to reason?" Thereupon the neighbour was deeply moved by his words and did not kill it.
At the age of ten, he studied Chinese texts; at thirteen, he studied Brahman texts. He became master of both, and furthermore was fluent in the languages and sounds of six countries. Earlier, during the Huan and Ling eras, Zhi Qian [Lokakṣema] translated out Dharma texts. There was a Zhi Liang, courtesy name Jiming, who received instruction from Kṣema. Qian, in turn, received instruction from Liang. He read widely in the canonical scriptures, understanding every one thoroughly, and extensively mastered worldly arts. In person, he was tall and slender, dark and thin, with white-dominated eyes and yellow pupils. People of the time made a saying about him: "Young Master Zhi has yellow pupils; though his body is slender, he is a sack of wisdom." Originally devoted to the Great Teaching, he deeply mastered the scriptural tenets. At the end of Emperor Xian's reign, when the Han house fell into great turmoil, he fled to Wu together with several tens of fellow townsmen. On the day they first departed, he had only one quilt. A traveler followed him, but in the severe cold had no quilt. Yue called the traveler to sleep together with him. Toward midnight, the traveler snatched his quilt and ran away. The next morning, his companions asked where the quilt was. Yue said: "Last night it was snatched by the traveler." His companions all said: "Why didn't you tell us?" He answered: "Had I reported it, you would certainly have punished him for robbery. How could it be fitting to kill a man for the sake of one quilt?" Those far and near who heard of this all sighed in admiration.
Later, the Ruler of Wu, Sun Quan, heard of his broad learning, talent, and wisdom, and summoned him for an audience. He then questioned him on the profound and obscure meanings in the sūtras. Yue resolved difficulties as they arose, answering every doubt without exception. Quan was greatly pleased and appointed him an Erudite (boshi), having him tutor the Crown Prince, conferring lavish favour and official rank upon him. Yue considered that although the Great Teaching was circulating, the scriptures were mostly in Sanskrit and none understood them. Since he was skilled in both Chinese and barbarian tongues, he collected various copies and translated them into the language of Wu. From the second year of Quan's Huangwu era (gui-mao) to the second year of Liang's Jianxing era (gui-you), over more than thirty years, he translated eighty-eight works, including the Da mingdu jing. He subtly captured the sacred meaning, and his phrasing was elegant and refined. Moreover, based on the Amitāyus-sūtra and the Zhong benqi jing, he composed a three-stanza Sanskrit chant in continuous verse praising the Bodhisattva, and annotated the Liaoben shengsi jing, all of which circulated in the world. Later, when the Crown Prince ascended the throne, [Zhi Qian] retreated into the Qionglong Mountains and withdrew from worldly affairs. From the Daoist-monk Zhu Falan, he further received the five precepts. Those with whom he associated were solely śramaṇas. Later he passed away in the mountains at the age of sixty.
The Ruler of Wu, Sun Liang, wrote to the saṅgha: "Zhi Gongming's illness was incurable. His conduct and practice were humble and pure, noble from beginning to end. My sorrow and grief cannot be stilled." He was cherished by his contemporaries to this extent. As for the number of works and fascicles translated by Qian, the various accounts disagree. Sengyou's Sanzang ji records only thirty-six works; Sengyou's biography of Qian in his catalogue says he translated twenty-seven sūtras; Huijiao's Gaoseng zhuan lists forty-nine sūtras; and Changfang's catalogue records as many as one hundred and twenty-nine works. Now, considering that what is recorded in Changfang's catalogue mostly consists of extracted texts or duplicate entries under alternate titles, I shall now delete them in sequence as explained below:
Sūtra of the Deer's Son (its text is identical to the Sūtra of the Mother Deer translated by Zhu Fahu of the Western Jin).
Sūtra of Shenri (also identical to the Sūtra of the Youth Candraprabha translated by Fahu).
Sūtra on the Merits of Leaving the Household (now there are two texts: one is a Qin translation, appended to the Qin catalogue; one is an excerpt from the Xianyu jing, now appended to the catalogue of extracted texts).
Sūtra of the Adamantine Purity (also titled Vajrasamādhi Sūtra on Original Nature Pure, Indestructible, and Undying; also listed in the catalogue of anonymous translations of the Later Han; upon examining the text, it was not translated by Zhi Qian, so it is now moved and appended to the Qin catalogue).
Sūtra on Great Benevolence Without Diminution.
Sūtra on the Precious Maiden Inquiring About the Thirty-Two Marks.
Sūtra on Māra's Daughter Hearing the Buddha Preach the Dharma and Attaining a Male Body (the three sūtras including Great Benevolence Without Diminution are all extracted from the Mahāsaṃnipāta-sūtra).
Sūtra on Ratnasāgara's Pure Aspiration Fulfilling Great Compassion (extracted from the Karuṇāpuṇḍarīka-sūtra).
Sūtra of Bodhisattva Samantaprasādana (this is the independently circulating Sūtra on Rebirth According to Vows, extracted from the Guan ding jing).
Sūtra on King Modiao (extracted from the Liudu ji jing).
Sūtra on the Buddha Preaching the Dharma for the Wilderness Demon Hārīti (or simply called Hārīti; extracted from the Madhyama-āgama).
Sūtra of the Withered Tree (or with the word "Great" added at the beginning).
Sūtra on the Hawk and Falcon Hunting.
Sūtra on the Affair of the Kite (the three sūtras including The Withered Tree are all extracted from the Ekottarika-āgama).
Sūtra on the Impermanence of Form.
Sūtra on the Exhaustion of All Outflows (or without the word "Outflow").
Sūtra on the Snowy Mountains Having No Macaques (or written as "monkeys", or without the word "No").
Sūtra on Child Without Mother.
Sūtra on the Contemplation of Impurity.
Sūtra on the Three Kinds of Fine Horses.
Sūtra on the Four Kinds of Fine Horses.
Sūtra on the Shortening of Lifespan.
Sūtra on the River Grass-Turtle.
Sūtra on the King Achieving Five Dharmas and Enduring Long in the World.
Sūtra on the Buddha Preaching Detachment from Desire for the Non-Buddhist Suśīma (the eleven sūtras including The Impermanence of Form are all extracted from the Saṃyuktāgama).
Sūtra on "This Is Mine".
Sūtra on the Brahman (the above two sūtras are both extracted from the Jātaka-sūtra).
Sūtra on King Jietan (extracted from the Arthapada-sūtra).
Sūtra on the Non-Buddhist Śreṇika Preaching Deliverance.
Sūtra on Converting the Brahman (the above two sūtras are Hīnayāna excerpts).
Sūtra of the Blind Turtle.
Sūtra on the Brahman Inquiring of the Buddha on the Increase and Decrease of the World.
Sūtra on the Three Fish Deprived of Water.
Sūtra on the Path of Amṛta.
Sūtra on Subduing One Thousand Brahmans.
Sūtra on the Brahman's Son Dying and the Rice Spoiling.