開元釋教錄 6.11.5

6.11.5

*Sūtra of the Lofty King of All Dharmas*, 1 fascicle (also titled *Sūtra of the King of the Meaning of All Dharmas*; third translation, from the same original as the *Sarvadharmavīrarāja-sūtra* and others; translated on the twenty-third day of the sixth month of the fourth year of Xinghe at Dingchang Temple by Grand Commandant Dou; scribed by the monk Tanlin; see the preface and record preceding the sūtra).
*Sūtra on the Supreme Meaning Dharma*, 1 fascicle (first translation, from the same original as the *Sūtra of the Great Majestic Lamp-Light Ṛṣi*; translated on the first day of the ninth month of the fourth year of Xinghe at the residence of Lord Gao, Minister of the Right and Equaling the Three Excellencies; scribed by the monk Tanlin; see the preface preceding the sūtra).
*Sūtra of King Suvarṇavarṇa*, 1 fascicle (translated in the fourth year of Xinghe at Jinhua Temple; scribed by the monk Tanlin; second translation, from the same original as that produced by Dharmaruci; see Changfang's catalogue).
*Sūtra of the Names of the Eight Buddhas*, 1 fascicle (also called *Sūtra of the Names of the Eight Buddhas*; translated in the fourth year of Xinghe at Jinhua Temple; scribed by the monk Tanlin; see Changfang's catalogue).
*Madhyamaka-kārikā-anusāra-śāstra*, 2 fascicles (composed by Bodhisattva Asaṅga; translated on the tenth day of the eighth month of the first year of Wuding at the residence of Lord Gao, Minister of the Right and Equaling the Three Excellencies; scribed by the monk Tanlin; see the preface and record preceding the sūtra).
*Vijñaptimātratā-śāstra*, 1 fascicle (also called *Refuting Matter and Mind*, or called *Śāstra on Consciousness-Only Free of Objects*; produced at Jinhua Temple; composed by Bodhisattva Vasubandhu; first translation, from the same original as Paramārtha's *Vijñaptimātratā-śāstra* of the Chen and the Tang translation of the *Viṃśikā-vijñaptimātratāsiddhi*; see Changfang's catalogue).
*Ekaśloka-śāstra*, 1 fascicle (composed by Bodhisattva Nāgārjuna; produced at Jinhua Temple; see Changfang's catalogue, where the catalogue calls it *Ekocchlokā-śāstra*).
*Saddharmasmṛtyupasthāna-sūtra*, 70 fascicles (translated in the first year of Xinghe at the residence of Grand Counselor Gao Cheng in Ye City; scribed by Tanlin, Sengfang, and others; see Changfang's catalogue).
*Sūtra of the Questions of the Stainless Upāsikā*, 1 fascicle (produced in the fourth year of Xinghe; see Changfang's catalogue).
*Prātimokṣa-sūtra of the Kāśyapīya School*, 1 fascicle (derived from the Kāśyapīya school; produced in the first year of Wuding in Ye capital at the request of Attendant-in-Ordinary and Minister of the Right Gao Cheng; see the preface preceding the sūtra; scribed and prefaced by Sengfang; also seen in Changfang's catalogue).
*Sūtra on the Four Dharmas of Bodhisattvas*, 1 fascicle (produced at Jinhua Temple; scribed by Tanlin, Li Xiyi, and others; see Changfang's catalogue).
*Sūtra of the Jewel-Intent Cat*, 1 fascicle (produced at Jinhua Temple for Gao Zhongmi; see Changfang's catalogue).
*Śāstra of the Questions of the Vātsīputrīya Monks*, 1 fascicle (produced at Jinhua Temple for Gao Zhongmi; scribed by Li Xiyi).
The eighteen works above, totaling ninety-two fascicles (fifteen works and eighty-nine fascicles up to the *Prātimokṣa* are extant; the three works and three fascicles from the *Sūtra on the Four Dharmas of Bodhisattvas* downward are lost texts).
The brāhmaṇa Gautama Prajñāruci, rendered in Wei as Zhixi ("Aspiration for Wisdom"), was of the pure-intent [brāhmaṇa] caste of the city of Vārāṇasī in Central India. In his youth he studied the Buddha's teachings and was wondrously conversant with the imports of the sūtras. His spiritual insight was exceptional, and he easily comprehended foreign languages. In the first year of Xiping under Emperor Xiaoming, he traveled to and stayed in Luoyang. Later, when the capital was moved to Ye, he also migrated with the times. From the first year of Yuanxiang, a wuwu year, to the first year of Wuding, a guihai year, under Emperor Xiaojing, he translated eighteen works including the *Stainless Woman* at Jinhua and Changding temples and within the residence of Lord Gao, Minister of the Right and Equaling the Three Excellencies, in Ye City. The monks Sengfang and Tanlin, the layman Li Xiyi, and others acted as scribes.
*Vigrahavyāvartanī-śāstra*, 1 fascicle; *Karmasiddhiprakaraṇa*, 1 fascicle (for the two treatises above, Changfang's catalogue and others all say they were translated by Gautama Ruci; now, examining the original prefaces and translation records at the beginning of the scriptures, they in fact state that it was Vimokṣasena; following the scripture records, this is now corrected).
Furthermore, the *Continued Biographies of Eminent Monks* states: "During the Wei, there were the monks Bodhiruci and Prajñāruci, who translated sūtras one after the other. However, when the various catalogues were copied and transmitted, they were mostly careless, each dropping the first character and merely saying 'Ruci', without knowing which Ruci it was. Down to the present, the translation records across the catalogues have been conflated and are difficult to determine with certainty. Having now searched out the authentic records, I have noted them individually as above. What has not yet been seen remains to await future scholars."
*Mahākāśyapa-sūtra*, 2 fascicles (also called *Great Kāśyapa Sūtra*, or lacking the character "Great"; translated in the third year of Xinghe at the residence of Sun Teng, General of Agile Cavalry, Left Vice Director, Palace Attendant, and Minister of Works; see the preface preceding the sūtra; now compiled into the *Ratnakūṭa* as its twenty-third assembly).
*Saṃghāṭa-sūtra*, 4 fascicles (translated in the first year of Yuanxiang at the residence of Sun Teng, Minister of Works; see the *Continued Biographies of Eminent Monks*).
*Sūtra on King Bimbisāra Asking the Buddha about Offerings*, 1 fascicle (produced in the third year of Xinghe; a different translation of the twenty-sixth fascicle of the *Ekottarika-āgama*).
The three works above, totaling seven fascicles (the former two works and six fascicles are extant; the latter one work and one fascicle is a lost text).
Prince Upasūna, rendered in Wei as Gaokong ("Lofty Emptiness"), was a prince of the kingdom of Ujjayinī in Central India. From the first year of Yuanxiang, a wuwu year, to the third year of Xinghe, a xinyou year, under Emperor Xiaojing, he translated three works of sūtras including the *Kāśyapa* at the residence of Sun Teng, Minister of Works, in the capital Ye. The monk Sengfang served as scribe. Upasūna went from the Wei to the Liang and further translated various sūtras during the Chen dynasty, as described separately elsewhere.
*Commentary on the Sūtra on the Four Dharmas of Bodhisattva Ratnacūḍa*, 1 fascicle (titled *Ratnacūḍa-sūtra-caturdharma-upadeśa*; composed by Bodhisattva Vasubandhu; translated on the first day of the ninth month of the third year of Xinghe at Jinhua Temple for Gao Zhongmi, Palace Attendant and Metropolitan Commandant; scribed by the monk Tanlin; see the preface and record preceding the sūtra).
*Commentary on the Sūtra on the Three Endowments*, 1 fascicle (titled *Trisaṃpanna-sūtra-upadeśa*; composed by Bodhisattva Vasubandhu; translated on the thirteenth day of the ninth month of the third year of Xinghe at Jinhua Temple for Gao Zhongmi, General of Agile Cavalry; scribed by the monk Tanlin; see the preface and record preceding the sūtra).
*Commentary on the Sūtra on Turning the Wheel of the Dharma*, 1 fascicle (titled *Dharmacakrapravartana-sūtra-upadeśa*; composed by Bodhisattva Vasubandhu; translated on the eleventh day of the eighth month of the third year of Xinghe at Jinhua Temple for Gao Zhongmi of Bohai, Commissioner with Extraordinary Powers, Equaling the Three Excellencies; scribed by the monk Tanlin; see the preface and record preceding the sūtra).
*Karmasiddhiprakaraṇa*, 1 fascicle (composed by Bodhisattva Vasubandhu; first translation, from the same original as the Tang translation *Mahāyāna-karmasiddhiprakaraṇa*; translated on the twenty-fifth day of the seventh month of the third year of Xinghe for Gao Zhongmi at Jinhua Temple; scribed by the monk Tanlin; see the preface and record preceding the sūtra).
*Vigrahavyāvartanī-śāstra*, 1 fascicle (composed by Bodhisattva Nāgārjuna; translated on the twentieth day of the third month of the third year of Xinghe at Jinhua Temple for Gao Zhongmi of Bohai, General of Agile Cavalry, Commissioner with Extraordinary Powers, Equaling the Three Excellencies, and Metropolitan Commandant; scribed by the monk Tanlin; see the preface and record preceding the sūtra).
The five works above, totaling five fascicles, are extant.
The monk Vimokṣasena was a native of the country of Uḍḍiyāna in Northern India, belonging to the kṣatriya royal lineage and a descendant of the Śākyas. In the past, when King Virūḍhaka destroyed the city of Kapilavastu and massacred the Śākya clan, at that time four Śākya youths, enraged by their oppression and heedless of breaking the precepts, went out to repel the army. Virūḍhaka then retreated, but upon their return to their home city they were not accepted. The city proclaimed to them: "We are of the Dharma lineage and vowed never to march with an army. That you repelled that army means you are not of our clan." Being banished, they cast their lot far off in various countries. Because they were of noble descent, rival lands vied to install them as leaders;