貞元新定釋教目錄 20.25

20.25

*Mahāvaipulya Mahāsaṃnipāta-sūtra*, thirty fascicles (or forty fascicles),
Translated at Guzang by the Indian Tripiṭaka master Dharmakṣema under the Northern Liang; three wrappers.
Third translation; three translations are missing.
I respectfully observe: The Liang śramaṇa Sengyou's *Records of the Mahāsaṃnipāta* states that there are twelve sections of expositions, which together form one sūtra:
1. "Necklace Chapter" (瓔珞品),
2. "Dhāraṇīśvararāja Chapter" (陀羅尼自在王品),
3. "Jewel Maiden Chapter" (寶女品),
4. "Unblinking Chapter" (不眴品),
5. "Sāgaramati Chapter" (海慧品),
6. "Speechless Chapter" (無言品),
7. "Inexpressible Chapter" (不可說品),
8. "Ākāśagarbha Chapter" (虛空藏品),
9. "Ratnaketu Section Chapter" (寶幢分品),
10. "Ākāśanetra Section Chapter" (虛空目分品),
11. "Ratnamālā Chapter" (寶鬘品),
12. "Akṣayamati Chapter" (無盡意品).
Now, examining the text of the sūtra, it differs from Sengyou's record:
1. "Dhāraṇīśvararāja Bodhisattva Chapter" (some sūtra texts divide this into the "Necklace Chapter", but that is incorrect; this is a single section and should not be divided into two; the later *Da ai jing* is indeed this chapter);
2. "Jewel Maiden Chapter";
3. "Unblinking Bodhisattva Chapter";
4. "Sāgaramati Bodhisattva Chapter";
5. "Ākāśagarbha Bodhisattva Chapter";
6. "Speechless Bodhisattva Chapter";
7. "Inexpressible Bodhisattva Chapter";
8. "Ratnaketu Section";
9. "Ākāśanetra Section";
10. "Ratnamālā Bodhisattva Chapter";
11. "Sūryaguhya Section" (On examining the various catalogues, the fascicle count of this *Mahāsaṃnipāta-sūtra* has no fixed standard: some say twenty-nine, some say ten, some thirty-one, some thirty-two, or forty fascicles. At present the *Mahāsaṃnipāta* is mostly thirty fascicles; its "Sūryaguhya Section" is incomplete in text, lacking about one fascicle. The thirty-one fascicle edition should be complete in text, but searches have not yet found it).
However, in Sengyou's record there is no "Sūryaguhya Section", but there is an "Akṣayamati Chapter", which is not correct. In our view, although the *Akṣayamati-sūtra* is a separate section of the *Mahāsaṃnipāta*, it was not translated by Dharmakṣema; nor is it in sequence, so it does not belong here. As for the Ākāśagarbha Chapter, Sengyou places it after the Inexpressible Chapter; the reason for this is unclear. Now, counting from the "Dhāraṇīśvararāja Chapter" to the "Sūryaguhya Section", there are eleven sections in all. The *Sūryagarbha-sūtra* is an alternate translation of the same text as the "Sūryaguhya Section", and is likewise the eleventh section (At the beginning of both *Sūryaguhya* and *Sūryagarbha* it says that after expounding the Ākāśanetra, Ānāpāna, and Amṛtadvāra, this sūtra was preached next. Furthermore, since the "Sūryaguhya Section" was expounded after the Ākāśanetra, according to the doctrine it should not be separated by the Ratnacūḍa Chapter. The present sūtra text contains this separating chapter, for reasons unknown. Moreover, although *Sūryaguhya* and *Sūryagarbha* are the same text, this "Sūryaguhya Section" is extremely abridged in text, and its latter part is also missing, though it could comprise more than a fascicle).
The *Candragarbha-sūtra* is the twelfth section (some sūtra texts have the title *Mahāyāna Mahāsaṃnipāta-sūtra Candragarbha Section, the Twelfth*; the beginning of the sūtra also says that after converting the host of nāgas and expounding the *Sūryagarbha-sūtra*, this sūtra was preached next).
The *Daśacakra-sūtra* is the thirteenth section (The beginning states that after expounding the *Candragarbha-sūtra*, this sūtra was preached next. The fourteenth section following the *Daśacakra* originally remained in the Western Regions and has not circulated here).
The *Sumerugarbha-sūtra* is the fifteenth section (The title at the beginning of the sūtra reads *Mahāyāna Mahāsaṃnipāta-sūtra Sumerugarbha Section, the Fifteenth*).
The sixteenth section should be the *Gaganagañja-sūtra* (The beginning says that after conferring prophecy upon Śrīdevī, this sūtra was preached next; yet because the Tathāgata preached the *Sumerugarbha-sūtra* on account of Śrīdevī, we know that this sūtra should follow next).
The *Sūryagarbha-sūtra* was first expounded in the Kalandaka Bamboo Grove, then [the Buddha] ascended to the summit of Mount Sumeru, and afterwards, upon the invitation of a nāga, went to Mount Kharadīya. The four sūtras beginning with the *Candragarbha* were all expounded on Mount Kharadīya. The sequence is thus. As for the *Buddhānusmṛtisamādhi*, *Bhadrapāla*, *Dṛṣṭāntarāja*, *Akṣayamati*, and other sūtras, although they are separate sections of the *Mahāsaṃnipāta*, since their sequence is unknown, it is difficult to arrange them. However, when the Sui dynasty monk Sengjiu compiled the combined *Mahāsaṃnipāta-sūtra*, he took the *Mingtudu wushi jiaoji jing* title as the "Ten Directions Bodhisattva Chapter" and placed it after the *Candragarbha*, together with the *Akṣayamati-sūtra*, forming fifty-eight fascicles; this is erroneous. Since there is no reliable basis, we do not follow it (The combined *Mahāsaṃnipāta-sūtra* also has a sixty-fascicle edition: fascicles 31 and 32 duplicate the Ratnacūḍa Chapter to make up sixty fascicles; that Ratnacūḍa Chapter is already in fascicles 26 and 27 before the Sūryaguhya, so compiling it again here is of unknown motive; furthermore, the Indic texts of *Sūryaguhya* and *Sūryagarbha* are identical, so compiling them repeatedly is a gross error). If one wishes to combine them: taking the preceding *Mahāsaṃnipāta* excluding the "Sūryaguhya Section", there are twenty-seven fascicles; substitute the *Sūryagarbha Section* in its place to continue the sequence (Although the Indic texts of *Sūryaguhya* and *Sūryagarbha* are the same, the text of the "Sūryaguhya Section" is abridged and missing portions, so the *Sūryagarbha* substitutes for it); next the *Candragarbha*; next the *Kṣitigarbha Daśacakra* (the Tang translation in ten fascicles); next the *Sumerugarbha*; next the *Gaganagañja*. Although the sequence of preaching the latter four sūtras is unknown, combining them by reasonable judgment will likely have no error: after the *Gaganagañja*, next the *Buddhānusmṛti* (using the Song dynasty six-fascicle translation to supply it, since the Sui ten-fascicle translation lacks the last two chapters); next the *Bhadrapāla*; next the *Dṛṣṭāntarāja*; and finally the *Akṣayamati*, totalling eighty fascicles. This should then accord [with the original] (The title at the head of the *Akṣayamati-sūtra* reads *In the Mahāsaṃnipāta-sūtra, the Inexhaustible Meaning Chapter of Akṣayamati Bodhisattva, the Thirty-second*; "chapter" here means "section", so it is the thirty-second section. Yet Sengyou's record places it after the Ratnacūḍa Chapter, and Sengyou's combined *Mahāsaṃnipāta* places it at the very end; their rights and wrongs are obvious. Furthermore, there is the *Suvikrāntacintidevaputraparipṛcchā-sūtra*; examining its text and meaning, it should be a separate section of the *Mahāsaṃnipāta*; but since it has been compiled into the *Mahāratnakūṭa*, it cannot be included twice, hence it is omitted here).
*Mahāvaipulya Mahāsaṃnipāta Sūryagarbha-sūtra*, ten fascicles (or fifteen fascicles), the eleventh section; one wrapper.
Translated by the Indian Tripiṭaka master Narendrayaśas under the Sui; identical to the *Sūryaguhya*.
Fourth translation.
The above single sūtra is an alternate translation of the same text as the "Sūryaguhya Section" at the end of the preceding *Mahāsaṃnipāta-sūtra*. The text of the *Sūryaguhya* is abridged; this text is slightly more extensive.
*Mahāsaṃnipāta Candragarbha-sūtra*, ten fascicles (or fifteen fascicles), the twelfth section; one wrapper.
Translated by the Indian Tripiṭaka master Narendrayaśas under the Northern Qi; single translation.
*Praise of the Dharmakāya Requested by Bodhisattva Kṣitigarbha*, one fascicle (The title within the text reads *Praise of the Dharmakāya Requested by Bodhisattva Kṣitigarbha from the Hundred-Thousand-Verse Mahāsaṃnipāta-sūtra*).
Translated by imperial order by the Tripiṭaka śramaṇa of Daxingshan Monastery, Daguangzhi Amoghavajra; newly entered into the Zhenyuan Catalogue.
*Mahāyāna Mahāsaṃnipāta Kṣitigarbha Daśacakra-sūtra*, ten fascicles, the thirteenth section.
Translated by the Great Tang Tripiṭaka Xuanzang; divided into one wrapper; taken from the *Neidian lu*.
Second translation.
The above two sūtras in eleven fascicles share the same wrapper.
*Mahāvaipulya Daśacakra-sūtra*, eight fascicles.
Translator lost.
Now appended to the Northern Liang catalogue; first translation.
The above two sūtras are alternate translations of the same text (Regarding this older *Daśacakra-sūtra*, the Great Zhou Catalogue says it was translated by Dharmakṣema, citing Changfang's catalogue; but checking Changfang's canonical catalogue, it states that the translator is lost, so the Zhou catalogue was mistaken).
*Mahāsaṃnipāta Sumerugarbha-sūtra*, two fascicles, the fifteenth section.
Translated jointly by the Indian Tripiṭaka master Narendrayaśas and Fazhi under the Northern Qi; single translation.
The above two sūtras in ten fascicles share the same wrapper.
*Ākāśagarbhabodhisattva-sūtra*, one fascicle (or without the word "Bodhisattva").
Translated by the Kashmiri Tripiṭaka master Buddhayaśas after returning to Kashmīr under the Yao Qin, and sent back to Qin; first translation.
*Dhāraṇī-sūtra of Ākāśagarbha Bodhisattva*, one fascicle.
Translated by the Kashmiri Tripiṭaka master Dharmamitra under the Song; first translation.
*Gaganagañjabodhisattva-sūtra*, two fascicles; should be the sixteenth section.
Translated by the Indian Tripiṭaka master Jñānagupta and others under the Sui; fourth translation.
The above three sūtras are alternate translations of the same text (four translations across past and present, one of which lacks an extant text).
*Sūtra on the Contemplation of Ākāśagarbha Bodhisattva*, one fascicle (also called *Ākāśagarbha Contemplation Sūtra*, or without the word "Contemplation").
Translated by the Kashmiri Tripiṭaka master Dharmamitra under the Song; single translation.
*Newly Translated Sūtra of the Questions of Mahā-Ākāśagarbha Bodhisattva*, eight fascicles.
Translated by imperial order by the Tripiṭaka śramaṇa of Daxingshan Monastery, Daguangzhi Amoghavajra; newly entered into the Zhenyuan Catalogue.
*Recitation Ritual of Mahā-Ākāśagarbha Bodhisattva*, one fascicle.
Translated by imperial order by the Tripiṭaka śramaṇa of Daxingshan Monastery, Daguangzhi Amoghavajra; newly entered into the Zhenyuan Catalogue.
The above six sūtras in fourteen fascicles share the same wrapper.
*Bodhisattva Buddhānusmṛtisamādhi-sūtra*, six fascicles (or without the word "Bodhisattva").
Translated jointly by the Indian śramaṇa Guṇabhadra and Xuanchang under the Song; first translation.
*Mahāvaipulya Mahāsaṃnipāta Bodhisattva Buddhānusmṛtisamādhi-sūtra*, ten fascicles; one wrapper.
Translated by the Indian Tripiṭaka master Dharmagupta under the Sui; taken from the *Neidian lu*; second translation.
The above two sūtras are alternate translations of the same text (Comparing the Sui translation to the earlier sūtra, it lacks the last two chapters at the end, so the text is incomplete).
*Pratyutpannabuddhasaṃmukhāvasthitasamādhi-sūtra*, three fascicles (or with the addition of the character "Da" [Mahā-], or in two fascicles).
Translated by the Yuezhi Tripiṭaka master Lokakṣema under the Later Han; first translation.
*Bhadrapālabodhisattva-sūtra*, one fascicle (also named *Bapo*).
Sengyou's catalogue states this is Master Daoan's ancient anonymous sūtra, an alternate translation of the four chapters of the *Pratyutpanna-sūtra*; fifth translation; now appended to the Han catalogue.
*Mahāvaipulya Mahāsaṃnipāta Bhadrapāla-sūtra*, five fascicles (also simply called *Bhadrapāla-sūtra*, or in six fascicles).
Translated by the Indian Tripiṭaka master Jñānagupta and others under the Sui; seventh translation.
The above three sūtras are alternate translations of the same text (seven translations across past and present, four of which lack extant texts).
The above five sūtras in twenty-five fascicles are divided into three wrappers.
*Akṣayamati-sūtra*, seven fascicles (in Jin called *Wujinyi*; or in four or five fascicles).
Translated by the Tripiṭaka master Dharmarakṣa under the Western Jin.
*Akṣayamatibodhisattva-sūtra*, six fascicles (also called *Achaqu jing*; extracted from the *Mahāsaṃnipāta*).
Translated jointly by the śramaṇas Zhiyan and Baoyun under the Song.
The above single sūtra has alternate translations of the same text (five translations across past and present, three of which lack extant texts).
The above two sūtras in thirteen fascicles share the same wrapper.
*Mahāsaṃnipāta Dṛṣṭāntarāja-sūtra*, two fascicles; a separate chapter of the *Mahāsaṃnipāta*.
Translated by the Indian Tripiṭaka master Jñānagupta and others under the Sui; supplemented and entered [into the canon].
*Mahākaruṇā-sūtra*, eight fascicles (also called *Tathāgatamahākaruṇā-sūtra*, or in six or seven fascicles).
Translated by the Tripiṭaka master Dharmarakṣa under the Western Jin.
The above single sūtra is an alternate translation of the opening "Dhāraṇīśvararāja Bodhisattva Chapter" of the *Mahāsaṃnipāta-sūtra* (corresponding from the beginning of fascicle 1 to the middle of fascicle 5).
The above two sūtras in ten fascicles share the same wrapper.
*Jewel Maiden's Questions Sūtra*, two fascicles (also called *Jewel Maiden Inquires on Wisdom Sūtra*, or in four fascicles).
Translated by the Tripiṭaka master Dharmarakṣa under the Western Jin.
The above single sūtra is an alternate translation of the "Jewel Maiden Chapter" of the *Mahāsaṃnipāta-sūtra* (corresponding from after the middle of fascicle 5 to fascicle 7).
*Speechless Youth Sūtra*, two fascicles (or called *Speechless Bodhisattva*, or in one fascicle).
Translated by the Tripiṭaka master Dharmarakṣa under the Western Jin.
The above single sūtra is an alternate translation of the "Speechless Chapter" of the *Mahāsaṃnipāta-sūtra* (corresponding from the middle of fascicle 17 to past the middle of fascicle 18).
*Īśvararājabodhisattva-sūtra*, two fascicles.
Translated by the Tripiṭaka master Kumārajīva at the Xiaoyao Garden under the Yao Qin; first translation.
*Questions of King Vikrānta Sūtra*, two fascicles.
Translated by the Brahmin Gautama Prajñāruci and others under the Northern Wei; taken from the preface; second translation.
The above two sūtras are alternate translations of the same text (The preface to this *King Vikrānta Sūtra* states: "In the fourth year of the Xinghe era of the Wei, the year renxu, in the seventh month, the new moon day being yichou, on the day jiawu, opening the manuscript bundle and beginning to write, the śramaṇa Tanlin and Gautama Ruci translated it at the mansion of the Minister and Unequalled Lord Gao, comprising in total 18,341 characters." All catalogues saying that Bodhiruci translated it are mistaken; one should follow the preface as correct. Moreover, the *Neidian lu* states that the above two sūtras are alternate translations extracted from the "Dhāraṇīśvararāja Bodhisattva Chapter" of the *Mahāsaṃnipāta-sūtra*, but that is incorrect. Examining their style and doctrine, they are completely different; they simply cannot be regarded as a separate section of the *Mahāsaṃnipāta*. Or perhaps these two sūtras are not sections of the *Mahāsaṃnipāta* at all; but since earlier catalogues all claimed they were alternate translations extracted from the Dhāraṇīśvararāja Chapter, although collating them reveals they are not identical, they are recorded for now at the end of the *Mahāsaṃnipāta*).
The above four sūtras in nine fascicles share the same wrapper.
*Ratnolkādhāraṇī-sūtra*, ten fascicles (or eight fascicles).
Translated by the Indian Tripiṭaka master Prabhākaramitra under the Great Tang; taken from the *Neidian lu*; single translation.
Regarding the above single sūtra, the *Neidian lu* states that it is a separate section of the *Mahāsaṃnipāta-sūtra* (Checking the "Ratnaketu Section" in the earlier *Mahāsaṃnipāta-sūtra*, the Buddha expounded this *Ratnolkādhāraṇī-sūtra* again in the Great Jewel Workshop between the desire realm and form realm. Thus the beginning of the Ratnaketu Section states that the Buddha, while in the Great Workshop between the desire realm and form realm, addressed the great assembly, saying: "Formerly, when I had first attained bodhi and dwelt in the Kalandaka Bamboo Grove at Rājagṛha, at that time there were two wise men, one named Upatiṣya and the second named Kolita..." and so on sequentially to the end, the text and meaning being completely identical. This sūtra may be regarded as a repeated exposition, but not as an alternate translation. Furthermore, older catalogues contain the *Ratnacūḍabodhisattvaparipṛcchā-sūtra*, which is an alternate translation of the Ratnacūḍa Chapter; it is now compiled into assembly 47 of the *Mahāratnakūṭa*, and since it has been incorporated there, it is not repeated here. There is also an *Ākāśagarbha-sūtra* in eight fascicles, which upon examination has no other text, being an extract from the Ākāśagarbha Chapter circulating separately. There is also the *Sūtra on Ākāśagarbha's Asking How Much Merit Is Gained from Upholding the Sūtra*, which is likewise an excerpt of a distinct text from the Ākāśagarbha Chapter; since it is an extract, it is removed and not recorded. Furthermore, in the *Neidian lu* and Great Zhou Catalogue there is another *Mahāsaṃnipāta-sūtra* in eight fascicles; examining its phrasing, it is actually the sixth wrapper of the combined *Mahāsaṃnipāta-sūtra*: the first two fascicles are titled the "Ten Directions Bodhisattva Chapter", which is actually the *Mingtudu wushi jiaoji jing*, compiled here for unknown reasons; the last six fascicles are the *Akṣayamati-sūtra*. Since these are redundant, they are also removed and not recorded).