維摩經疏卷第三．第六 3.53

3.53

Sixth, explaining differences with reference to persons: First, ordinary persons born among humans who have not separated from desire possess only the physical eye. If they cultivate and attain the concentrations of the higher realms, they possess the cultivated divine eye. If born in the heavens without having separated from desire, they possess only the physical eye and the reward-obtained divine eye, as in the case of the gods of the desire realm; those who have already separated from desire possess the physical eye, the reward-obtained divine eye, and the cultivated divine eye. Those [attaining] the first two fruits—srotāpanna and sakṛdāgāmin—born in the heavens possess the physical eye and the reward-obtained divine eye; having not yet attained the fundamental dhyāna-concentrations, they lack the cultivated divine eye. If according to the Mahāyāna *Buddhadhūmi-śāstra*, those of the first two fruits subdue the defilements of the desire realm by means of impure wisdom, or attain fundamental dhyāna and thus also obtain the cultivated divine eye; because they awaken to the emptiness of persons, they possess the wisdom eye; because they do not know [sentient beings'] faculties and desires, they lack the Dharma eye; if regarded in terms of knowing the dharmas of suffering and impermanence, they generally possess the Dharma eye; because they are not buddhas, they lack the buddha eye. If an anāgāmin is born among humans, they possess the physical eye, possess the cultivated divine eye, and possess the wisdom eye; if born in the heavens, they obtain the reward-obtained divine eye, lacking the remaining two eyes, as should be understood from what precedes. Arhats and pratyekabuddhas possess the physical eye and fully possess the two kinds of divine eye—cultivated and reward-obtained; because they awaken to the emptiness of persons, they possess the wisdom eye; they lack the remaining two eyes, as should be understood from what precedes. Among the stages of bodhisattvas, those of sudden awakening prior to the bhūmis possess the physical eye, the divine eye, and the Dharma eye; having not yet attained the outflow-free [wisdom], they lack the wisdom eye; because they are not buddhas, they lack the buddha eye. If reaching the first bhūmi and above, up to the seventh bhūmi, because they have not yet abandoned the body of fragmented cycle [of saṃsāra], they possess the physical eye; because they cultivate concentration, they possess the divine eye; because they have attained outflow-free wisdom, they fully possess the two eyes of wisdom and Dharma; the [lack of] buddha eye can be known. If reaching the eighth bhūmi and above, they only fully possess three eyes; because they have abandoned the fragmented cycle, they lack the physical eye; because they are not buddhas, they lack the buddha eye. If one is an aśaikṣa prior to the bhūmis who directs the mind toward gradual awakening, as a bodhisattva they fully possess the divine eye, the wisdom eye, and the Dharma eye; having already abandoned the fragmented cycle, they lack the physical eye; the [lack of] buddha eye can be known. If one is a śaikṣa who directs the mind, they fully possess four eyes; having not yet abandoned the fragmented cycle, they possess the physical eye; the remaining three are as explained before. If reaching the eighth bhūmi and above, up to the tenth bhūmi, they only fully possess three eyes, namely the divine eye, the wisdom eye, and the Dharma eye; that they lack the other two can be known. If reaching the buddha stage, among the three bodies there are those that possess and do not possess [them fully]: the transformation body fully possesses all five eyes; the reward body fully possesses four eyes, because it lacks the physical eye; the dharmakāya's essence is tathatā, and does not possess the five eyes, but if considered in terms of the eye of dharmatā, it also fully possesses the five eyes.