淨名經集解關中疏 2.245

2.245

The following two chapters broadly demonstrate the correct contemplation of the Middle Way. This chapter on non-duality clarifies the essence; the following chapter on the capacity for duality clarifies the function. 'Entering' is the wisdom of contemplative illumination; 'the Dharma of non-duality' is the principle contemplated; 'gate' is the scriptural teaching. [Kumāra]jīva says: "From the beginning of the assembly until now, only two persons faced one another, while the rest were silent. Now, wishing each to manifest their virtues, he asks them so that all may speak. It is also said: because emotional confusions differ, awakening has various causes; each is made to speak of his awakening to broadly resolve the delusions of the multitude. A noble assembly clarifying the principle must surely take a fine ending as supreme. Now that the Dharma seat is about to disperse, wishing to reach the ultimate depth, broadly explaining non-duality exhausts the wondrousness. Question: There are also four, three, or even immeasurable Dharma gates; why is non-duality alone spoken of? Answer: The matter of 'two' is minor and its confusion shallow, whereas other matters are broad and their burdens deep. If 'two' should still be broken, then the rest can be known. Furthermore, the arising of the ten thousand dharmas must stem from conditioned co-arising. The conditioned co-arising of dharmas varies in quantity; the bare minimum must stem from two conditions. If there were arising from a single condition, this has never been heard of. Thus, the conditioned co-arising of existence is grounded in two dharmas. When the two dharmas are abolished, one enters the profound realm. Why not break 'one'? Answer: If named and counted, it is not 'one'. If one takes one as 'one', it is also not yet separated from 'two'. When 'two' is discarded, 'one' is exhausted as well. Furthermore, the designation of formlessness is established provisionally yet truly. Being truly established, the essence is severed from forms; therefore, being simply posited, it is spontaneously non-existent." Zhao says: "Words acting as the model for the world are called Dharma; that which all sages traverse is called the gate. Another explanation: 'Entering' is awakening and entering. The Lotus Sūtra establishes that being bound and attaining deliverance is called escaping the burning house; this sūtra turns from delusion toward awakening, called entering non-duality. The words are very different, but their purport is entirely one."