四分戒本疏卷第一．第二．第三 2.93

2.93

過前受急施衣過畜戒二十八　此二戒共為一戒。若過前受或過後畜俱犯捨墮。同由急施衣生是用須合。若非急施安居未竟。佛不聽受。受得吉羅。五分成文佛既制意。後因梨師大臣請僧安居。忽命征討。捨物施僧。如安居法。諸比丘等以安居未竟不能輒受。佛為利益施主。及潤比丘潤時前十日內受不犯吉羅。因聖開。知故見急施過前而受違返兩教。貪長處深故捨墮　過前受別緣有五。一是急施。二知是急施。三過十日前。四無因緣。五領受便犯。過後畜亦五緣成。一是急施。二知。三十五日內受。四不作淨。五過限。已下正明戒本。此因六群比丘常乞衣受衣。又跋難陀異處安居異處受衣。又大臣為安居施。佛因開而制戒。

The Precept against Receiving Urgent Gift Robes Before the Time and Keeping Them Beyond the Limit (the twenty-eighth). These two precepts together form one precept. Whether receiving before the time or keeping beyond the limit, both incur forfeiture and falling (niḥsargika-prāyaścittika); because both arise from urgent gift robes, their combination is required. If it is not an urgent gift and the rains retreat is not yet finished, the Buddha does not permit receiving it; receiving it incurs a duṣkṛta. The Mahīśāsaka Vinaya makes this text clear: after the Buddha formulated this intention, later, because the minister of a Licchavi invited the Saṃgha for the rains retreat, he was suddenly ordered on a military expedition and relinquished property to bestow on the Saṃgha in accordance with the rules of the rains retreat. Because the rains retreat was not yet finished, the bhikṣus could not casually receive it. In order to benefit the donor and enrich the bhikṣus, the Buddha permitted them to receive it within ten days before the enriching season without incurring a duṣkṛta. Relying on the Noble One's permission, knowing full well it is an urgent gift, receiving it before the time violates both teachings; because greed grows deep, it is a forfeiture and falling. There are five specific conditions for receiving before the time: first, it is an urgent gift; second, knowing it is an urgent gift; third, before the ten days; fourth, lacking a justifying circumstance; fifth, accepting it, whereupon the offense is incurred. Keeping beyond the limit is also completed by five conditions: first, it is an urgent gift; second, knowing [it is so]; third, receiving it within the ten days; fourth, not declaring it to render permissible; fifth, exceeding the time limit. The following directly clarifies the precept text. This arose because the group of six bhikṣus constantly begged for and received robes, and Upananda held the rains retreat in one place and received robes in another place, and furthermore, a minister made donations for the rains retreat; the Buddha, based on these allowances, formulated the precept.