四分戒本疏卷第一．第二．第三 3.115

3.115

若比丘無病自為炙故在露地然火若教人然除時因緣波逸提　戒本三句。一犯人。二除病。二為已然火結犯。辨相中初句可知。二言自為已除病不開。三言波逸提者。是違犯結罪。故律云。彼於露地若然草木枝葉牛糞糠等。一切然者皆犯提罪。若以火置草木乃至糠越中亦犯提罪。五分為炙然火炎高四指者墮。多論若他已然後隨作何事皆墮。祇云。旋火作輪。或火中有草木。撥聚一切墮。若壞生二罪。一壞生。二然火。若在生地理有一墮。被燒半焳擲火中者吉。然炭火吉。不語前人知是看是吉。律云。不犯者。語前人知是看是。若病人自然教人然有緣。看病人為病者煮糜粥美飲等。在死土及石并餘物上作火。開不犯。若在厨屋中浴室中。若熏鉢煮染然燈。一切無犯。

"If a bhikṣu who is not sick, for the sake of warming himself, lights a fire in the open or tells someone to light it, except on appropriate occasions and conditions, it is a prāyaścittika." The text of the precept has three phrases: first, the person who commits the offense; second, except for sickness; second [third], lighting a fire for oneself assigns the offense. In differentiating the aspects, the first phrase is evident. As for the second, "for oneself, except for sickness," it is not permitted. As for the third, "prāyaścittika": this is assigning the offense for transgression. Thus the Vinaya states: "If he lights grass, wood, branches, leaves, cow dung, chaff, or the like in the open, in all cases of lighting them, he commits a prāyaścittika offense. If he places fire in grass, wood, or even among chaff, he also commits a prāyaścittika offense." The Mahīśāsaka Vinaya states: "If one lights a fire to warm oneself and the flame is four finger-breadths high, it is a fall (pātayantikā)." The Sarvāstivāda-vinaya-vibhāṣā states: "If another has already lit it, whatever one subsequently does [with it], it is in all cases a fall." The Mahāsāṃghika Vinaya states: "Whirling the fire into a wheel, or if there is grass and wood in the fire, raking them together—in all cases it is a fall. If one destroys living things, there are two offenses: first, destroying living things; second, lighting a fire. If it is on ground with life, in principle there is one fall. If half-burnt embers are thrown into the fire, it is a duṣkṛta. Lighting a charcoal fire is a duṣkṛta. If one does not tell the person in front to know it and look after it, it is a duṣkṛta." The Vinaya states that it is not an offense if: one tells the person in front to know it and look after it; or if a sick person lights it himself or instructs someone to light it, having a reason; or if a caretaker of the sick cooks gruel, delicious drinks, and the like for the sick person; or if one makes a fire on dead earth, stones, or other objects—these are permitted without offense. If it is in a kitchen, a bathhouse, or for perfuming a bowl, boiling dye, or lighting a lamp—none of these is an offense.