四分戒本疏卷第一．第二．第三 3.44

3.44

若比丘僧不差教授比丘尼者波逸提　此滿足戒本文有四句。一犯人。二僧不差。三輒往教授。四結僧不差說法之罪。言比丘義如上。一若僧不差者。律云。僧中白二羯磨不差。要具十德方始成差。少謂極五如增五中說。三言輒往教授者。律云。說八不可違法。如律廣說。四言波逸提者。是僧不差說法之罪。若說餘法即得提罪。若說八敬尼常聞故但得吉罪。律云。若於說戒時。上坐問答已若僧差。若隨尼請彼比丘剋時到。尼亦剋時迎。若違俱犯吉羅。若聞來者當出半由旬迎供給所須。不者吉羅。若僧不差。非教授日與說八敬法。若不差與說法者墮。若僧病不和合眾不滿。應遣人禮拜問訊。尼眾病等亦遣禮拜問訊。若不吉羅。律云。非日者前三後二不應往也。前三者說戒後三日。後二者去後說戒二日。雖復僧差。此五日中不應往也。此謂往尼寺教誡。不犯者。若僧差。若時往。若尼為水陸道斷諸難緣不迎禮拜問訊者。並不犯。

"If a bhikṣu, not deputed by the saṅgha, instructs bhikṣuṇīs, it is a prāyaścittika." / This full precept text has four clauses: first, the person who commits the offense; second, not being deputed by the saṅgha; third, presumptuously going to instruct; fourth, penalizing the offense of preaching the Dharma without being deputed by the saṅgha. The word "bhikṣu" has the meaning as above. First, "not deputed by the saṅgha": the Vinaya states that one is not deputed by a jñaptidvitīyā-karmavācanā in the saṅgha. One must possess ten virtues for the deputation to be valid; a minimum means at least five, as stated in the "Sets of Five." Third, "presumptuously going to instruct": the Vinaya states, "expounding the eight unviolable dharmas," as explained at length in the Vinaya. Fourth, "it is a prāyaścittika" is the penalty for preaching the Dharma without being deputed by the saṅgha. If one preaches other dharmas, one incurs a prāyaścittika offense; if one preaches the eight gurudharmas, because nuns hear them constantly, one incurs only a duṣkṛta offense. The Vinaya states: "If, at the time of reciting the precepts, after the senior monk has conducted the question and answer, the saṅgha deputes him, or in accordance with the nuns' request, that bhikṣu arrives at the appointed time, the nuns must also welcome him at the appointed time. If either violates this, both commit a duṣkṛta. If they hear that he is coming, they should go out half a yojana to welcome him and provide what he needs; if not, it is a duṣkṛta. If not deputed by the saṅgha, or on a day that is not an instruction day, expounding the eight gurudharmas to them; or if not deputed, preaching the Dharma to them—it is a fall. If the saṅgha is ill, disharmonious, or the assembly is not full, they should send someone to pay homage and inquire after them. If the assembly of nuns is ill, etc., they should also send someone to pay homage and inquire; if not, it is a duṣkṛta." The Vinaya states: "'Not on the proper day' means one should not go during the preceding three and subsequent two days. The preceding three days are the three days following the recitation of the precepts; the subsequent two days are the two days before the next recitation of the precepts. Even if deputed by the saṅgha, one should not go during these five days. This refers to going to the nunnery to admonish." Regarding non-offenses: "If deputed by the saṅgha; if going at the proper time; or if, due to water or land routes being cut off or various dangerous conditions, the nuns do not welcome him, pay homage, or inquire—none of these is an offense."