四分戒本疏卷第一．第二．第三 3.58

3.58

若比丘與比丘尼共期同乘一船上水下水除直渡者波逸提　此滿足戒本文有五句。一犯人。二與尼共期。三言同乘一船上水下水者。舉乘船之意。以其相隨欲得久住故。四言除直渡者。是開限。以其直渡非久故無過。五言波逸提者。是達犯結罪。律云。共期已雙脚入船提。一脚入吉。多論若船有多白衣期無罪。或船有一比丘多尼。或多比丘一尼。隨境業多少犯爾所提。縱有俗人為第二亦犯。以其將同久處。譏損非輕故前同坐。行是暫開有邊人不犯。若期俗女人同乘船亦是犯限。此略不彰下房舍文。失女人上船疑。佛言聽直渡。故知上下明亦同犯。祇十多三文並言越界言犯。不同此律。不犯者。除期直渡彼岸。若入船已船師失濟上下。彼岸不得安隱。乃至難緣如上所說。並皆不犯。

“If a bhikṣu makes an arrangement with a bhikṣuṇī to board the same boat together, going upstream or downstream, except to cross directly across: prāyaścittika.” This full Prātimokṣa text contains five clauses: first, the transgressor; second, making an arrangement with a bhikṣuṇī; third, “boarding the same boat together, going upstream or downstream,” which states the intention of boarding the boat, because accompanying each other implies a desire to stay together for a long time; fourth, “except to cross directly across,” which is the permitted limit, because crossing directly across is not prolonged and therefore without fault; fifth, “prāyaścittika,” which determines the offense upon completion. The Vinaya states that after making an arrangement, entering the boat with both feet incurs a prāyaścittika; entering with one foot incurs a duṣkṛta. The Sarvāstivāda-vinaya-vibhāṣā says that if there are many laypeople on the boat, making an arrangement incurs no offense. Or if on the boat there is one bhikṣu and many bhikṣuṇīs, or many bhikṣus and one bhikṣuṇī, according to the number of objects and deeds, he incurs that many prāyaścittikas. Even if there is a layperson as a companion, he still commits an offense, because remaining together for a prolonged period incurs grave damage from public criticism; therefore, whereas sitting and traveling together previously were temporarily permitted when accompanied by a person at one’s side without offense, arranging to board a boat together even with a laywoman also falls within the scope of an offense. This is omitted and not detailed here. In the subsequent text on dwellings, where a woman boards a boat and loses [her way], there is doubt, and the Buddha said he permits direct crossing; thus we know that traveling upstream and downstream clearly incurs the same offense. The Mahāsāṃghika, Sarvāstivāda, and Sarvāstivāda-vinaya-vibhāṣā texts all state that crossing a boundary incurs the offense, which differs from this Vinaya. As for non-offenses: except for an arrangement to cross directly to the opposite shore; or if after entering the boat the boatman loses control of the ferry upstream or downstream; or if the opposite shore is unsafe; up to the perils mentioned above—none of these constitute an offense.