四分戒本疏卷第一．第二．第三 2.48

2.48

“If a bhikṣu has an unrelated bhikṣuṇī wash an old robe, or dye it, or beat it, it is a niḥsargika-prāyaścittika.” This full text contains five clauses: 1. the person; 2. the unrelated bhikṣuṇī; 3. the old robe to be washed; 4. the washing, dyeing, or beating; 5. concluding the offense. “Bhikṣu” is as above. “Unrelated” is also as above. “Old robe” means at least having been worn once on the body. “Robe” means the ten types of robes. If he has her wash a new robe, he incurs a duṣkṛta. “Or dye it, or beat it” refers to the actions performed. “Niḥsargika-prāyaścittika” is the offense committed. If he has her wash, dye, and beat it, and the bhikṣuṇī performs all three, he incurs three prāyaścittikas; if she performs two, he incurs two prāyaścittikas; if she performs one, he incurs one prāyaścittika. The *Samantapāsādikā* states: Having a woman who has gone forth wash or dye it also constitutes an offense. The *Mahīśāsaka Vinaya* states: If he tells an unrelated bhikṣuṇī to wash it, but a related bhikṣuṇī washes it, and so on through the five permutations of mutual substitution, all result in a fall [prāyaścittika]. If she washes or dyes a niṣīdana, it also constitutes a fall. The *Sarvāstivāda Vinaya* states: If the forfeiture and fall are incurred, giving the robe to be washed incurs a minor offense; if the washing is completed and the bhikṣu says again, “It is not clean,” and sends it back for the bhikṣuṇī to wash, the bhikṣu incurs two offenses: a niḥsargika and a duṣkṛta. If he has the bhikṣuṇī wash, dye, or beat it, but the bhikṣuṇī does not wash, dye, or beat it, he incurs three duṣkṛtas. The remaining permutations of doing or not doing can be inferred from this. Question: Why does employing the lower two assemblies incur only a duṣkṛta? Answer: They are not disciples, and employment is rare, so it is light; or because they do not possess the full precepts, it does not disrupt proper cultivation, so it is light. If one relies on the *Sarvāstivāda-vinaya-vibhāṣā*, there is no difference, and like with a bhikṣuṇī, it incurs a prāyaścittika. Question: Why is a new robe lighter? Answer: Washing a new robe is rare, and it lacks the trouble of being unseemly, so it incurs a minor offense. Regarding non-offense: The Vinaya states that if it is in an inn, or if she is employed to wash or dye for the Buddha, the Dharma, or the Saṅgha, it is without offense.