律戒本疏 1.105

1.105

五十二無病露地炙乃至使人犯墮　一時佛行道。路嶮畏有。諸商人隨佛而去。至一山上。多諸枯樹。諸商人伴輩各各燃火。一老比丘燒大腐木。木中毒蛇冬寒凝蟄。得蠕動出出聲吼。商人悉驚。謂言有賊。嚴其器杖。欲相救護。定是蛇聲。比丘驚喚。因是結戒不得燃火。無覆障名露地。露地燃一切火犯墮。恐傷眾生故。與商人無別故。似貴人故。似軍中法故。或因驚動相劫害故。若自若使人俱犯墮。他先燃後為前之犯突。火焦著火中亦犯突。後復開之。若風冷病。若作食薰鉢染衣等。種種須用燃之無罪。若柴漯應淨燃。凡有根能生及椽枝等。若不淨燃犯墮。餘草木不淨然犯突。

Fifty-two: warming oneself in the open without being ill, down to having another do so, is an offense of pāyattika. At one time the Buddha was traveling on a road that was perilous and frightening. Several merchants followed along behind the Buddha. Coming onto a mountain with many dead trees, the merchant companions each lit fires. An old monk burned a large rotten log. Inside the wood, a poisonous snake had hibernated through the winter cold; having become warm, it stirred, came out, and let out a roaring sound. The merchants were all startled, thought there were bandits, and readied their weapons, wishing to rescue one another, but it was definitely the sound of the snake. The monk cried out in alarm. Because of this, the precept was formulated that one must not light a fire. Having no cover or shelter is called "in the open." Lighting any fire in the open is an offense of pāyattika. This is out of fear of harming living beings; because it is indistinguishable from merchants; because it resembles nobles; because it resembles military practice; or because by causing alarm, people might rob and harm one another. Whether doing it oneself or having someone else do it, both are offenses of pāyattika. If another lights it first and one afterwards tends it for them, it is a duṣkṛta. Scorching something in the fire is also a duṣkṛta. Later it was relaxed again: if one has an illness from wind or cold, or needs it for preparing food, fumigating bowls, dyeing robes, and the like, lighting it for various necessities is without offense. If it is firewood or logs, one should light it purely [after checking]. In general, if it has roots capable of growing, or is rafters, branches, and the like, lighting it without purifying it is an offense of pāyattika. Lighting other grass and wood without purifying it is a duṣkṛta.