律戒本疏 1.59

1.59

六以闡陀偈可教未受具戒人　闡陀波羅門書也。其義味偈句與佛經不同。又教佛弟子合聲而誦。隨音聲故名味不同不正。句偈不足。阿藍彌國比丘。是波羅門子。教未受戒人。用其本法合聲而頌。隨音聲故名味不正。句偈不足。毀損正法。增長邪習。如是教者佛所不聽。若教沙彌白衣同犯墮。法正習未深。隨邪深故。又細聲相亂言不辯故。教具戒人突。彼已決定心不移故。又聲相似不相亂故。教未受具人。句味足與不足作外道聲者犯墮。欲捨本聲不能得無犯。若用法音聲名味具足。先所誦經二人合誦無犯。律師云。說竟說。謂二人本悉外道。俱頌一經。而一人忘一人誦竟。然後一人復誦無犯。又師徒本俱外道。受法弟子未知法語。得合聲受誦名為欝提舍。又弟子作外道聲聞。師得隨問答無犯。合聲俱犯突。

Sixth: Teaching unordained persons through chandas verses.
Chandas refers to the books of the brāhmaṇas. Their meanings, phrases, verses, and lines are not the same as Buddhist sutras. Furthermore, [the brāhmaṇas] teach the Buddha's disciples to chant in unison; because they follow melodious sounds, the expressions and meanings become distorted and improper, and the lines and verses are deficient. A monk of the country of Āraṇya, who was the son of a brāhmaṇa, taught unordained persons using his native method to chant in unison; following melodious sounds, the expressions and meanings were improper and the lines and verses deficient, corrupting the true Dharma and increasing heterodox habits. Teaching in such a way was not permitted by the Buddha. If one teaches novices or white-robed laypeople, both constitute an offense of pāyattika; their mastery of the correct Dharma is not yet deep, while their following of heterodoxy is deep, and because fine vocal nuances mix together, the words are not clearly articulated. Teaching fully ordained persons is a duṣkṛta, because their minds are already determined and unmoving, and their voices are uniform and do not get confused. If one teaches an unordained person, whether the lines and phrases are complete or incomplete, making non-Buddhist chants is an offense of pāyattika. If one wishes to abandon one's native chant but is unable to do so, there is no offense. If using Dharma chanting where expressions and meanings are complete, two persons chanting together a previously recited sutra commit no offense. Vinaya masters say: 'Explaining and then explaining' means that two persons were originally non-Buddhists who chanted the same sutra together; when one person forgets, after one person finishes reciting, the other person then recites again, without offense. Furthermore, if master and disciple were originally both non-Buddhists, and the disciple receiving the Dharma does not yet know the expressions of the Dharma, they are permitted to recite together in unison to receive the recitation, which is called uddeśa. Furthermore, if a disciple makes non-Buddhist sounds and is heard, the master is permitted to answer in accordance with the questions without offense. Chanting together in unison is for both an offense of duṣkṛta.