四部律并論要用抄 1.20

1.20

善見論云問曰。幾人得功德衣。答。下至五人得受前安居。得受後安居。破安居人異住處人不得受。若住處不滿五人。得喚餘寺足數受。客比丘不得。若住處有四大僧一沙彌。安居欲竟為沙彌受戒人五人數得受。一大僧四沙彌亦如是。若住處有五人。若過五人不解受功德衣。得餘寺請知法人作羯磨自不得受　問。何人衣得與眾僧作功德衣　答。七眾衣天人衣得受作功德衣。若人不解作功德衣來問。比丘應教。若僧伽梨若欝多羅僧若安陀會。隨作一一衣得受。若人送功德衣多。但受一衣。餘者應分。此功德衣應羯磨與衣壞比丘。若衣壞比丘多與衣壞中老者。與[萉-巴+(日/(句-口+匕))]數大者。不得與慳堅貪者　僧祇云。功德衣者新衣曾受作三衣。淨施衣捨已得功德。得作功德衣。大衣七條五條覆瘡衣雨浴衣。是等諸衣乃拘刺未曾受用。皆得作功德衣。佛言。不但量度名受迦絺那衣。不但染。不但安緣。不但怗四角。不但出葉。不但簪刺故名受功德衣。若用故爛衣作。若無僧作。若欝金色染。若逕宿。若不以決定定心受。若不以淨作。若減量作。若不割截作。若以異五眾衣作。皆不名為受功德衣（出二十七卷功德衣法中）受功德衣已得五事利。一得畜長衣。過十日不說淨。二得離三衣宿。三得別眾食。四食展轉食（背前受後）五食前食後不囑授得入村（先有請處中前德　不囑請餘家）迦提一月開五事亦如是（迦提月者作衣月。從七月十六日訖八月十五日。聽作衣。餘事行道功德。從七月十六日至臘月十六日。中間一百十日間五事利也）問。何故慇懃歎受功德衣　答。毘婆沙云。三世諸佛讚嘆聽可故。

The Samantapāsādikā states: Question: How many people can receive the kaṭhina robe? Answer: At least five people may receive it. Those who undertook the earlier varṣā may receive it; those who undertook the later varṣā, those who broke the varṣā, or those from other residences may not receive it. If a residence has fewer than five people, they may summon monks from other monasteries to make up the number and receive it; visiting monks cannot. If a residence has four fully ordained monks and one śrāmaṇera, and as the varṣā is about to end, the śrāmaṇera is ordained so that there are five people, they may receive it. The same applies to one fully ordained monk and four śrāmaṇeras. If a residence has five people, or more than five people, but none of them understand how to receive the kaṭhina robe, they may invite someone knowledgeable in the Dharma from another monastery to perform the karman, but [that person] himself may not receive it. Question: Whose robes may be given to the saṃgha to make the kaṭhina robe? Answer: Robes from the seven assemblies or robes from devas and humans may be received to make the kaṭhina robe. If someone does not understand how to make the kaṭhina robe and comes to inquire, the monks should instruct them. Whether it is a saṃghāṭī, an uttarāsaṅga, or an antarvāsaka, any one robe made may be received. If someone sends many kaṭhina robes, only one robe should be received; the rest should be distributed. This kaṭhina robe should be given through karman to a monk whose robes are ruined. If there are many monks whose robes are ruined, it should be given to the eldest among those with ruined robes, or to the one with the greatest number of varṣas; it must not be given to someone who is stingy or greedy. The Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya states: As for the kaṭhina robe, a new robe, one previously received as one of the three robes, or one obtained through vicikitsā-purification and subsequently relinquished can all make a kaṭhina robe. A saṃghāṭī, a seven-strip robe, a five-strip robe, an itch-covering robe, or a rain-bathing robe—as long as these various robes are properly sewn and have never been used—can all make a kaṭhina robe. The Buddha said: It is not solely by measuring that it is called receiving the kaṭhina robe; nor solely by dyeing; nor solely by attaching borders; nor solely by stitching the four corners; nor solely by sewing the strips; nor solely by basting with a needle that it is called receiving the kaṭhina robe. If it is made using old and rotten robes, if it is made without a saṃgha, if it is dyed with saffron color, if it passes the night [before completion], if it is received without a determined mind, if it is not made purely, if it is made under-sized, if it is made without cutting [the cloth], or if it is made using cloth belonging to someone other than the five assemblies, in all such cases it is not called receiving the kaṭhina robe (from Chapter on Kaṭhina Robe Procedures, fascicle 27). Having received the kaṭhina robe, one attains five privileges: 1. One may keep extra robes for more than ten days without declaring purification; 2. One may spend the night separated from the three robes; 3. One may eat in a separate group; 4. One may eat meals in succession (rejecting an earlier invitation and accepting a later one); 5. One may enter a village before or after meals without having informed others (if one has a prior invitation, before noon one may visit other families without having informed [the saṃgha]). The five privileges permitted during the month of Kārttika are also like this. (The month of Kārttika is the month for making robes. From the sixteenth day of the seventh month to the fifteenth day of the eighth month, one is permitted to make robes; engaging in other practices yields merit. The five privileges last during the one hundred and ten days from the sixteenth day of the seventh month to the sixteenth day of the twelfth month.) Question: Why is receiving the kaṭhina robe so earnestly praised? Answer: The Vibhāṣā says: Because the Buddhas of the three periods of time praised and permitted it.