Dighanikaya 1.41

1.41

Anabhiratīti aparassāpi sattassa āgamanapatthanā. Yā pana paṭighasampayuttā ukkaṇṭhitā, sā brahmaloke natthi. Paritassanāti ubbijjanā phandanā, sā panesā tāsatassanā, taṇhātassanā, diṭṭhitassanā, ñāṇatassanāti catubbidhā hoti. Tattha ‘‘jātiṃ paṭicca bhayaṃ bhayānakaṃ chambhitattaṃ lomahaṃso cetaso utrāso. Jaraṃ… byādhiṃ… maraṇaṃ paṭicca…pe… utrāso’’ti (vibha. 921) ayaṃ tāsatassanā nāma. ‘‘Aho vata aññepi sattā itthattaṃ āgaccheyyu’’nti (dī. ni. 3.38) ayaṃ taṇhātassanā nāma. ‘‘Paritassitavipphanditamevā’’ti ayaṃ diṭṭhitassanā nāma. ‘‘Tepi tathāgatassa dhammadesanaṃ sutvā yebhuyyena bhayaṃ saṃvegaṃ santāsaṃ āpajjantī’’ti (a. ni. 4.33) ayaṃ ñāṇatassanā nāma. Idha pana taṇhātassanāpi diṭṭhitassanāpi vaṭṭati. Brahmavimānanti idha pana paṭhamābhinibbattassa atthitāya suññanti na vuttaṃ. Upapajjantīti upapattivasena upagacchanti. Sahabyatanti sahabhāvaṃ.

"Discontent" means the yearning for another being also to arrive. But that longing which is accompanied by aversion does not exist in the Brahma-world. "Agitation" means trembling, shaking; and it is fourfold: agitation through fear, agitation through craving, agitation through view, and agitation through knowledge. Therein, "Through birth, fear, dread, trepidation, goosebumps, mental terror; through old age … through sickness … through death … terror"—this is called agitation through fear. "'Oh, that other beings might come to this existence!'"—this is called agitation through craving. "'It is only agitated and trembling'"—this is called agitation through view. "'Even they, hearing the Dhamma teaching of the Tathāgata, mostly experience fear, a sense of urgency, and dread'"—this is called agitation through knowledge. Here, however, both agitation through craving and agitation through view are suitable. "Brahma-mansion": here, however, it is not said to be empty because the first-reborn one is present. "They are reborn" means they arrive by way of rebirth. "Companionship" means being together.