Riyaz al-salatin 36: RULE OF IZZU-D-DIN TUGHAN KHAN.

36

Since the juggling sky at that time had thrown the reins of Viceroyalty of Bengal (Lakhnauti), when Alauddin Jani, the Bengal Viceroy, was recalled. He captured several elephants in Vilayet-i-Bang (East Bengal), sent them as presents to the Delhi Emperor (Shamsuddin Altamsh) and received the title of Ighantat. the empire of Delhi into the hands of Sultan Raziah, daughter of Sultan Shamsu-d-din Altamsh, during her reign, the Viceroyalty
which is on the Orissa frontier. Fighting ensued, and the Musalmans were defeated. Tughan Khan returned to Lakhnauti, sent Sharful-mulk Ashari to the Emperor of Delhi, to seek for help. Under Emperor's order, a large army led by Tamar Khan Qamruddin Qiran, feudatory of Oudh was sent to Lakhnauti, in order to repel and chastise the infidels of Jajnagar (Orissa). The Rajah of Jajnagar invaded Lakhnauti, owing to Musalmans in the previous expedition having demolished the Orissa fort of Katasan (or Baktasan). The Orissans first took Lakor (probably Nagor), and slaughtered a large body of Musalmans including the Commandant of Lakor, named Fakhrul Mulk Karimuddin, and then approached the gate of Lakhnauti, but after fighting retreated. Then between Tughan Khan and Tamar Khan ill-feeling ensued, and they fought against each other, and on both sides many were killed. By the intercession of Minhaju-s-Siraj (author of Tabaqat-i-Nasiri) peace was brought about between the two, on condition that Lakhnauti would be left to Tamar Khan, and Tughan Khan with his treasures and elephants and effects would retire to Delhi. Tughan did so (in his company being Minhaju-s-Siraj); the Emperor loaded him with presents, bestowed on him the Governorship of Oudh, whilst Tamar Khan held the Bengal Viceroyalty. On the same night, both died, Tamar Khan at Lakhnauti, and Tughan in Oudh! "
It would appear from the above that the invasion of Bengal by Mughals under Changiz Khan referred to in the text, is a myth and a mistake for the invasion of Lakhnauti by the Hindus of Jajnagar (Orissa). The mistake is repeated in many histories, but Tabaqat's account is the most reliable, as its author was an eye-witness of the affair. of Lakhnauti was bestowed on Izzu-d-din Tughan Khan. The latter devoted himself to the administration of the country, and for a period was successful. When in the year 639 A.H. Sultan Alau-d-din Masud ascended the throne of Delhi, Tughan Khan sent many presents and valuables to the Emperor of Dehli in charge of Sharfu-l-Mulk Sanqari, and the Emperor sent to Izzu-d-din Tughan Khan in charge of Qazi Jalalu-d-din, Governor of Oudh, a ruby-laid umbrella and a special robe of honour. And in the year 642 A.H., thirty thousand Mughal soldiers of Changiz Khan, making an incursion into the kingdom of Lakhnauti through the passes of the northern mountains, created much confusion. Malik Izzu-d-din sent an account of this to Sultan Alau-d-din. On hearing of this, the Emperor despatched to Lakhnauti a large force under Malik Qurabeg Tamar Khan, who was one of the servants of Khwajah Tash, for assisting Tughan Khan. At the time of engagement, the Mughal forces not being able to give battle returned to their country, vanquished. In the meantime, on certain occasions between Izzu-d-din Tughan Khan and Malik Qurabeg Tamar Khan, dissension set in; consequently, Sultan Alau-d-din, in accordance with the saying "Two rulers cannot rule over one country," appointed Malik Qurabeg Tamar Khan to be ruler of Lakhnauti, and recalled to Dehli Malik Izzu-d-din Tughan Khan. Tughan Khan ruled for 13 years and some months.