Travels in India (Tavernier) 84: Frauds practised in Indigo.

84

I have said that the natives withdraw the paste from the baskets containing the indigo, and mould it, with the fingers steeped in oil, into pieces, which are then exposed in the sun to dry. The Indians who wish to cheat the merchants place the pieces on the sand to dry, so that the sand attaches itself and the indigo then weighs more. They also sometimes place the paste in damp ground, which makes it moist and consequently heavier. But when the Governor of the place discovers these frauds, he inflicts a heavy fine. Such frauds are easily discovered by a Broker and Commander experienced in the trade in this kind of merchandise by burning some morsels of indigo, after which the sand which remains becomes visible.
I have still to make a somewhat curious remark touching the brokers of India. These brokers are commonly, as it were, chiefs of their families, for whom they hold all the property in trust to turn it to account. For that reason those who have both the most years and experience are selected, so that they may be able to obtain benefits for all the kinsmen, being both the depositaries and the guardians of their goods. Every evening, after they have returned from their business, and, according to the custom of the Indians, who do not sup, have eaten some sweetmeats and drunk a cup of water, the oldest of the kinsmen assemble at the house of the broker, who renders an account of what he has done during the day, and they hold counsel together as to what should be done in the future. He is especially exhorted to take care of their business, and if possible to defraud rather than be defrauded.