A Cluster of Nyāya Flowers 2.20
Nyāyamañjarīgranthibhaṅga 2.20
- Language
- Sanskrit
2.20.1
atrācāryāstāvaditi | vakṣyamāṇavyākhyātumatāpekṣayā tāvacchabdaprayogaḥ | iha ca sarvatrācāryaśabdena udyotakaravivṛtikṛto rucikāraprabhṛtayo vivakṣitāḥ, vyākhyātṛ- 25 sukhasādhanatvaniścayo bhaviṣyatītyāśaṅkayāha na ca dhūmaliṅgānumitavahnijñānāntaramiti | kimanena śikhaṇḍineti | akiñcitkaratvaṃ parāmarśasyāha | yathā bhīṣmavadhaḥ kirīṭinaiva sampādito madhye tvakiñcitkaraḥ śikhaṇḍī kṛta iti | punaḥ sambandhagrahaṇāpekṣaṇādanavastheti | tajjātīyatvasya liṅgasya te| saha gṛhītasambandhasya tadgamakatvam | na ca sukhasādhanatvasyānyathāgrahaṇaṃ sambhavatīti punastasmādeva liṅgāt tadavagame tāvatsambandhagrahaṇāpekṣittvaṃ yāvajjātamātrasya sukhahetutvāvagamaḥ | tatrāpi janmāntare liṅgaliṅginoravinābhāvagrahaṇe jātamātrasyāpi tasmādeva liṅgādavagatiḥ, janmāntare'pyevamevetyanavasthā | na khalvatīndriyā śaktiriti | nanu yadyatīndriyā nābhyupagamyate śaktiḥ kathaṃ tarhyadṛṣṭasya śaktitvamiti | tatrāha na dharmādeḥ śaktitvādatīndriyatvamiti |
2.20.2
tvena darśanāt, ihāpi tatraiva jñāne karaṇatvaṃ phalatvañceti | savyāpārapratītatvāditi | niyatārthādhigame savyāpārasya niyatārthaparicchedākhyavyāpāravataḥ pratītatvādupalabdhatvāt phalameva sat pramāṇamiti bhaṇyate | idameva hi dātrādeḥ karaṇasya karaṇatvaṃ yat kriyāyāṃ vyāpṛtatvam | nanvarthaparicchedātmakatvājjñānasya kathaṃ svātmanyeva vyāpṛtatvoktiḥ ? astyetat, kintu yadā arthākārānukāri jñānamutpadyate tadaivamupacaryate | yathā pitṛsadṛśamapatyamupalabhya pituranena rūpaṃ gṛhītamiti loko vyapadiśati, atha ca nānena kiñcidrūpaṃ gṛhītam; evaṃ niyatārthākāraṃ , namupalabhyārthagrahaṇe vyāpṛtavamartho'nena gṛhītam ityevaṃ kalpayati | yadāha kṛtiḥ karaṇamiti | yathā bhāve siddhaghañto'pi karaṇaśabdasya, na kārakasyāna dhikāre grahaṇamiti bhāvaḥ | viṣayādhigamābhimāna iti | adhigato'yaṃ mayā ghaṭa ityevaṃrūpo'trābhimāno vivakṣitaḥ | yadābhāsaṃ prameyaṃ taditi | ābhāsata ityābhāso grāhyākāraḥ | ya ābhāso yasmiṃstad yadābhāsam; yastatra jñāne grāhyākāraḥ pratibhāti tat prameyamityarthaḥ | indriyagatyanumānamapyastīti | na hi golakasthasyendriyasyāsatyāṃ gatau bāhyena 25 viṣayeṇa sannikarṣa upapadyata iti sannikarṣāt tadgatyanumānam |
2.20.3
tadatadrūpiṇo bhāvā iti | tadrūpiṇastadrūpavantaḥ śālyaṅkurāḥ, atadrūpiṇaścātadrūpavanto yavāṅkurāḥ | śālyaṅkurā yavāṅkurāśca kathamekarūpā anekarūpāścetyarthaḥ | evaṃ gūḍhāśayena pṛṣṭe spaṣṭamuttaramāha tadatadrūpahetujāḥ | tadrūpairekarūpaiḥ śālibījaireḥ drūpairbhiactionnnarūpaiśca yavabījairjanitā iti | paraḥ svābhiprāyamāha tatsukhādi kimajñānaṃ vijñānābhinnahetujamiti | ekamevedamiti | harṣaviṣādādiranekākāro vivarttaḥ pariṇāmo yasya | na svabhāvabhedena saṃśayavaditi | yathā saṃśayarūpatvenobhayakoṭispṛśyasvabhāvenānubhayakoṭispṛśo jñānāntarād viśiṣyate 'saṃśayātmakametajjñānaṃ na vyavasāyātmakam' iti tathā na sukhajñānam, api tu viṣayakṛta eva tasya bhedaḥ 'sukhasya jñānam' iti | tacca na svacchamiti | yadi hi viṣayānurāgarahitasya bodhamātrasyānubhavanaṃ syāt tadā ātmīyena sukhātmanāpi svarūpeṇa tasyānubhavo yujyetetyabhiprāyaḥ | anvayavyatirekābhyāñceti | ayaṃ bhāvaḥ | sukhādayo grāhyāḥ, na ca grāhyarūpameva grāhakam | kāryotpatteḥ pūrvamāśrayābhāvānnirāśrayaṃ sukhatvādi na kārakaṃ syāt
2.20.4
yadi hi grāhyarūpameva grāhakaṃ syāt tadā 'ghaṭo mayā jñāto'dhunā paṭaṃ jānāmi' ityādau grāhyarūpānuvṛttivad grāhakarūpānuvṛttirapi nopalabhyeta, upalabhyate ca bodharūpo'nuvartamāno grāhakākāraḥ, tato'vasīyate grāhyeṇoparaktameva jñānaṃ na grāhyarūpamiti | satyapi ghaṭe kadācidabhāvād, asatyapi ca tasmin paṭādau bhāvāt, tato vyāvṛttarūpādanyaiva vilakṣaṇa20 bodharūpatā pratīyata iti | anyadā adṛṣṭatvāditi | yadi sukhameva jñānaṃ syānna sukhasya jñānam, tadā tadanantarabhāvini jñāne bodharūpatāvat sukharūpatāpyanuvarteta | 'anyadā vā dṛṣṭatvāt' prāṅanītyā yadā grāhyād bhinnaṃ bodhasvabhāvaṃ jñānamupalabdhaṃ tadvadatrāpi bhavatu, asyāpi grāhyatvāt | yogyatālakṣaṇa eveti | niyatasukhādikāryagamyaḥ kaścit sambandhaviśeṣo yogyatākhyaḥ | vilakṣaṇā hi dṛśyanta iti | samavāyikāraṇānāṃ paramāṇūnāmagnisaṃyogasya cāsamavāyikāraṇasyābhede'pi rūpatvarasatvādinimittakāraṇabhedāt pākajānāṃ rūpādīnāṃ vailakṣaṇyaṃ bhedaḥ | kvacittu saṅkalpo'pīti | yatra bhāvinaṃ stryādisaṅgamaṃ citte saṅkalpayati | ānandasvabhāvamapi viṣayaṃ vyabhicaratyeveti | sukhajanakamatra viṣayatvena vivakṣitam, sukhasya tadālambanatvenotpādāt | tatra vṛddhanaiyāyikāstāvadācakṣate, vyapadiśyata iti vyapadeśyaṃ śabdakarmatāpannaṃ jñānamucyate | yadindriyārthasannikarṣādutpannaṃ saddhiṣayanāmadheyena vyapadiśyate rūpajñānaṃ rasajñānamiti tadvyapadeśyaṃ jñānaṃ pratyakṣaphalaṃ mā bhūdityavyapadeśyagrahaṇam |
2.20.5
tadidamanupapannam, na hi nāmadheyavyapadeśyatvamaprāmāṇyakāraṇaṃ bhavati, yadi hi tadrūpajñānaṃ rasajñānañca viṣayāvyabhicāri niḥsaṃśayañca tatkathamapramāṇaphalamucyate ? vyabhicārādidoṣayoge vā padāntareṇa tatpratikṣepāt kimavyapadeśyapadena ? pramāṇaphalañca tadvijñānamidānīṃ kiṃ pramāṇaprabhavaṃ bhavan na pratyakṣaphalam, etatpadaprakṣiptatvāt ? nānumānādijanyaṃ tadvailakṣaṇyāt, nāsti kiñcit pañcamaṃ pramāṇam | asaṅgraho'sya lakṣyasya lakṣaṇeneti prajñāpramādaḥ | tasmādapavyākhyānametaditi vyavacchedyāntaramavyapadeśyapadasya varṇayāñcakrurācāryāḥ, śabdārtheṣu sthaviravyavahārato vyutpadyamāno janaḥ saṃśayāpagamasamaye saṃjñopadeśakād 'ayaṃ panasa ucyate' iti vṛddhodīritādvākyāt puro'vasthitaśākhādimantamarthaṃ panasaśabdavācyatayā jānāti | tadasyajñānamindriyajamapi na kevalaindriyakaraṇakaṃ bhavitumucitam, asati saṃjñopadeśini śabde tadanutpādāt, tena śabdendriyābhyāṃ sambhūya janitatvādubhayajamidaṃ jñānaṃ vyapadeśājjātamiti vyapadeśyamucyate | tadavyapadeśyapadena vyudasyate | na cedaṃ pañcamaṃ pramāṇamavatarati kintu śābdamevaitadanumanyate lokaḥ | tathā ca 'kathaṃ punarjānīte bhavān panaso'yami'ti pṛṣṭaḥ prativakti 'mama devadattenākhyātaṃ panaso'yami'ti | punarevaṃ vismṛtyāpi bravīti 'cakṣuṣā mayā pratipannaṃ panaso'yamucyate' iti | tadindriyānvayavyatirekānuvidhāne satyapi śabda evātra karaṇam | ata eva sūtrakṛtā śabdalakṣaṇaṃ varṇayatā nendriyānupraveśapratiṣedhāya kimapi viśeṣaṇamuparacitam | 'upadeśaḥ śabda' ityetāvadeva lakṣaṇamabhihitam |
2.20.6
ataścendriyānupraveśe'pi śābdatāmasya manyate sūtrakāraḥ | iha punaravyapadeśyaviśeṣaṇapadopādānena śabdānupraveśapratiṣedhānna pratyakṣaphalametaj jñānam | tasmādevaṃvidhavyapadeśyavijñānavyavacchedārthamavyapadeśyapadamiti | yathā daṇḍīti śukla iti | kevalapuruṣapaṭapratyayāpekṣayātra sātiśayatvam | nanu vācakaḥ sa ucyate yo vācakatvena gṛhītaḥ | saṅketakālabhāvī ca vācakatvena gṛhītaḥ | sa cedānīṃ nāstītyāha nanu saṅketāvagamasamaya iti | 25 na so'sti pratyayo loke yaḥ śabdānugamādṛte | anuviddhamiva jñānaṃ sarvaṃ śabdena gṛhyate || bhoḥ sādho cakṣurevainaṃ grahīṣyatīti kathaṃ na brūṣa iti | anena varaṃ cākṣuṣatvamasyābhyupagamyatāṃ na tvatyantāsambadhyamānaṃ śābdatvamiti | prauḍhavāditayā svayaṃ śabdaviśiṣṭārthapratibhāsam-abhyupagamenāpi pratipādayati | nirvikalpakavijñānaviṣaye na ca tadgrahaḥ | nirvikalpake śabdaviśiṣṭasyārthasya tadvācyasya apratibhāsāt, cakṣuṣaḥ śabdāviṣayatvāt | śābdajñānena tadbodha iti | śabdāt tadanuraktārthapratyaye tenārthena śabdasya sambandhagrahaṇam, gṛhītasambandhaśca śabdo'rthaṃ pratyāyayatītītaretarāśrayatā | pratyakṣāstreṇa hantavya iti | ayaṃ bhāvaḥ | 'yadi arthāsaṃsparśinaḥ śabdāstatpratyakṣamapyarthāsaṃsparśi prāptam, tatsamānaviṣayatvācchabdānām' ityukte pratyakṣasyārthāsaṃsparśitvānabhyupagamānnivarteta bauddhaḥ | tatra nirvikalpakaṃ tāvat samānaviṣayaṃ na bhavati vācyatāviśiṣṭārthapratibhāsasya bhavanmate śabdajatvāt, tādṛśasya cārthasya nirvikalpakāviṣayatvāt; savikalpakañca na pratyakṣaṃ taveti |
2.20.7
anena vartmanā avatarantaṃ śabdādhyāsamiti | vilasati gaurayamityādike śabdollekhenotpadyamāne jñāne sāmānyādayo'vabhāsante, asati tu śabdollekhena jñāne nāvabhāsante | ataḥ śabdavaśādavabhāsamānāste kathaṃ na śabdākārāḥ syuḥ | ataḥ śabdākārā evāmī sāmānyādayo'rthā adhyastāḥ pratibhāsante na punarbahiḥ santi | yathā raktaḥ sphaṭikamaṇiriti pratītiḥ sati lākṣāsannidhāne samutpadyate'nyathā neti tadvaśāllākṣā- śakyata iti | punaranena mārgeṇāvataran kena vāryate śabdādhyāsa iti | evañcedaṃ śabdādhyāsapakṣāvataraṇaṃ viśvarūpaṭīkāto vyapadeśyapadaṃ vyācakṣāṇaiḥ bhaṭṭaśrīśaśāṅkadharapādairvyākhyātam | granthakārastvapavargāhnike svābhiprāyeṇa śabdādhyāsasvarūpaṃ prapañcayiṣyati | śabdākārasya sāmānyāderarthe nyāsaḥ samāropaḥ śabdādhyāsaḥ | cayastviṣāmiti | vibhurharirambarāt khādavatarantaṃ muniṃ kramānnārada ityanena viśeṣeṇābodhi buddhavān | yaḥ pūrvaṃ dūratayā spaṣṭagrahaṇābhāve sati tviṣāṃ cayastejasāṃ piṇḍa ityavadhāritaḥ, punaḥ kiñcinnikaṭatayā śarīrīti yā jñātākāram, tato'pi naikaṭyādavayava- vibhāgāvabodhāt puṃstvena nirjñātam, tato'pyatinaikaṭyānnārada ityevamabodhi | sa eva viṣayo'vabhāsate aviśiṣṭa eva bhāsata ityarthaḥ | niḥsandhibandhanasya śuddhapuruṣapratyayapratibhāsyādavibhaktasvarūpasya |
2.20.8
praiṣānuvacanasya vacanāntarataḥ prāpteriti | 'maitrāvaruṇaḥ praiṣyati cānu cā''ha' iti vacanāntareṇa yat prāptaṃ praiṣānuvacanaṃ tadanūdya daṇḍitvaṃ vidhīyate, yat praiṣānuvacanaṃ maitrāvaruṇenartvijā kartavyaṃ tad daṇḍinā yajamānataḥ prāptadaṇḍahastena kartavyam | paśuyāge'dhvaryuṇā agnaye chāgasya vapāthā medasaḥ preṣyeti, evaṃ preṣito maitrāvaruṇo yat ‘hotaryaja’ iti pratipreṣaṇaṃ karoti tat praiṣānuvacanam, tadeva ‘praiṣyati cānu cā''ha’ ityatra praiṣyatītyanena vihitam, na kevalamevaṃbhūtaṃ praiṣānuvacanamasau karotīti yāvadanu cāha anvāha ca anuvākyamapyasāveva paṭhatītyarthaḥ | prakṛtivadbhāvena prāptānāmiti | evamastviti cecchāntamiti | śāntam, mā bhūdevam, amaṅgalametadityarthaḥ | tatrāpyanena nyāyena śābdatā na nivartata iti | tatrāpi yasmādanyaṃ vṛddhaṃ pratyudīritād vṛddhavākyād yatrārthe tasya vyutpattirjātā, tadarthagrahaṇakāle tasya vākyasya smaraṇāt | sambandhastripramāṇaka iti | śabdavṛddhābhidheyāṃstu pratyakṣeṇaiva paśyati | śrotuśca pratipannatvamanumānena ceṣṭayā || anyathānupapattyā ca vetti śaktiṃ dvayāśritām | arthāpattyāvabudhyante sambandhaṃ tripramāṇakam || iti || ceṣṭyā pravṛttinivṛttilakṣaṇayā | anumānenānumānabhūtayā | pramāṇatrayāvagamyatve'pi sambandhasyārthāpatteḥ sākṣād vyāpārāditarayostadupakāratvena 'arthāpattyāvabudhyante' ityuktam | avyabhicāripadasārrthakyam
2.20.9
avyabhicārigrahaṇaṃ vyabhicārijñānavyavacchedārtham | yathā grīṣme tapati lalāṭantape tapane tanmarīciṣu caturamūbarabhuvamabhihatya samutphaliteṣu taraṅgākāradhāriṣu yad vāridhijñānaṃ tadatasmiṃstaditi grahaṇād vyabhicāri bhavati tadanena padena vyavacchidyate na tatpratyakṣamivi | tatra ca nirvikalpakamapi prathamanayanasannipātajajñānamudakasavikalpakajñānajanakamamudaṃkagrāhyeva na yathā, tathā tathāgatāḥ katha yanti marīciviṣayamavikalpakaṃ jñānamudakasavikalpakajananādapramāṇamiti nirvikalpāvasthāyāmavicārayata evaṃ prathamonmīlitacakṣuṣo jhagiti salilapratibhāsāt | athavā vācakollekhapūrvikā api saṃvidaḥ naivendriyārthajanyatvaṃ jahatītyupapāditam, tasmāt savikalpakamavikalpakaṃ vā yadatasmiṃstaditi jñānamutpadyate tadvyabhicāri, tacceha vyāvatryyamiti | nanu marīciṣu jalajñānamavidyamānasalilāvabhāsitvādanindriyārthasannikarṣajamataścendriyārthasannikarṣotpannapadena tadvyudāsasiddheḥ, kimavyabhicāripadena ? naitadevam, tasyendriyārthajanyatvaṃ siddhaṃ taddbhāvabhāvataḥ | na hyanunmīlitākṣasya marau salilavedanam || artho'pi janakastasya vidyate nāsataḥ prathā | tadālambanacintāṃ tu tridhācāryāḥ pracakrire || kaiścidālambanaṃ tasminnuktaṃ sūryyamarīcayaḥ | nigūhitanijākārāḥ salilākāradhāriṇaḥ || tatra taraṅgādisāmānyadharmagrahaṇe sati na sthāṇupuruṣavadubhayaviśeṣāḥ, na ca sannihitamarīciviśeṣāḥ smaraṇapathamavataranti kintu pūrvopalabdhaviruddhasalilavartino ālambanapadārthavicāraḥ vibhramavāraṇārthamavyabhicāripadamiti śaṅkāyāḥ samādhānam kvacit sadṛśavijñānamiti |
2.20.10
yathā marīciṣu jalajñāne | kāmaśokādayaḥ puro'vasthitastryādidarśane | kudarśanābhyāso bauddhādidarśanābhyāsa ātmādau nāstitājñāne | cakṣuṣastimiraṃ dvicandrādijñāne | nidrā svapnajñāne | cintā yamarthaṃ cintayati tat pratyakṣatayā puro'vasthitamiva gṛhṇāti | dhātūnāṃ pittādīnāṃ vikṛtiḥ śarkarādestiktādijñāne | nanu jātataimirerikasyehajanmani ghaṭādvigatasya dvitvasyā'nanubhavāt smaraṇābhāvād dvicandrādijñānānutpāda ityāśaṅkyāha-alakṣyamāṇe taddhetāviti | idamevottaraślokena ‘bālasyendudvayajñānamasti nāsti' ityādinā vyanakti | yadyapīhajanmani nānubhavastathāpi janmāntarānubhūtasya adṛṣṭavaśādanusmaraṇamiti tātparyam | alakṣyamāṇe vā svaśiraśchedāṃdāvanubhavābhāvādadṛṣṭasya kāraṇatā | nanu jātataimirerikasyāpi timirameva mithyājñāne hetuḥ | satyam, tattu timiraṃ dvitvasmaraṇadvāreṇa janakam, tasya smaraṇaṃ cānubhūte bhavati, na ca jātamātrasyehajanmanyanubhavo'sti | atha timirameva janmāntarānubhūtasmaraṇahetuḥ kasmānna kalyate | na, dṛṣṭasya hetorjanmāntarānubhūtasmaraṇasāmarthyakalpanāyāmananubhūtarajatasyāpīhajanmani śuktikāyāṃ sādṛśyajanitajanmāntarānubhūtarajatasmaraṇe sati rajatajñānaṃ syāt, na ca dṛśyate | ato'dṛṣṭameva janmāntarānubhūtasmaraṇajanakatvena kāraṇaṃ kalpyam, yatra kāryañca dṛśyate na ca tadanuguṇakāraṇaṃ tatra sarvatrāhṛṣṭasyaiva kāraṇatvāt, agnerūrdhvajvalanādau | nanvidamatra kāraṇamidaṃ cātretyatra kiṃ pramāṇam ? tadāha-nūnaṃ niyamasiddhayarthamiti | yadi hi ajanakaṃ pratibhāseta tadajanakatvāviśeṣād yatkiñcit pratibhāseta;
2.20.11
śuktikāyāṃ ghaṭo'pi pratibhāseta, rajatavat tasyāpyajanakatvāditi | smṛtyanumānāgameti | smṛtyādīnāṃ vāhyakaraṇavyāpāroparame'pyupalambhāt, akaraṃṇasya cātmanastajjanmani vāhyaviṣayajñāna iva sāmarthyādarśanāt karaṇaṃ kalpyam, tacca mana iti | yogarūḍhistu na sammataiveti | yā paṅkajādiṣu kaiścidabhyupagatā tasyā dūṣaṇaṃ svayamapyāha—yatrāpi hi dvayaṃ dṛśyata ityādinā | avyayībhāvavyākhyānamiti | akṣamakṣaṃ gataṃ pratyakṣamṛti vīpsāyāmavyayībhāvaḥ | 'pratyakṣeṇa pratyakṣāditi 20 darśanāt' iti nāpapāṭhaḥ, etayoravyayībhāve'pi sambhavāt | 'apañcamyāḥ' iti pañcamyā amādeśapratiṣedhāt, 'tṛtīyāsaptamyorbahulam' iti ca tṛtīyāsaptamyorbahulavacanāt | ataḥ 'pratyakṣasya pratyakṣayoḥ' ityādi paṭhanīyam | nanu ca pratigatamakṣaṃ pratyakṣam 'atyādayaḥ krāntādyarthe dvitīyayā' iti tatpuruṣāśrayaṇāt paravalliṅgatāyāṃ pratyakṣo bodha ityādi na syāt | ucyate, 'dviguprāptāpannālaṃgatisamāseṣu' paravalliṅgatāniṣedhādabhidheyaliṅgataiva 25 bhavati, prāpto jīvikāṃ prāptajīvika itivat |
Linked texts (1)
- Nyāyamañjarī — Jayanta Bhaṭṭa, Sanskrit