Commentary on the Nyāyasūtra 1.22

Nyāyabhāṣya (complete text) 1.22

Language: Sanskrit

1.22

||bhāṣyam||
yatra tu niṣṭhā yatra tu paryavasānaṃ so'yam---
tadatyantavimokṣo'pavargaḥ ||

tena duḥkhena janmanā atyantaṃ vimuktirapavargaḥ| katham? upāttasya janmano hānam, anyasya cānupādānam| etāmavasthāmaparyantāmapavargaṃ vedayante'pavargavidaḥ| tadabhayamajaramamṛtyupadaṃ brahma kṣemaprāpitariti||

1.22.p2

nityaṃ sukhamātmano mahattvavat tattu mokṣe abhivyajyate, tenābhivyaktenā'tyantaṃ vimuktaḥ sukhī bhavatīti kecit manyante| teṣāṃ pramāṇābhāvādanupapattiḥ| na pratyakṣaṃ nānumānaṃ nāgamo vā vidyate, nityaṃ sukhamātmano mahattvavat tattu mokṣe'bhivyajyata iti||

1.22.p3

nityasyābhivyaktiḥ saṃvedanam, tasya hetuvacanam| nityasya sukhasyābhivyaktiḥ saṃvedanam jñānamiti, tasya heturvācyo yatastadutpadyata iti||

1.22.p4

sukhavannityamiti cet? saṃsārasthasya muktenāviśeṣaḥ| yathā muktaḥ sukhena tatsaṃvedanena ca sannityenopapannastathā

1.22.p5

saṃsārastho'pītyaviśeṣaḥ prasajyate, ubhayasya nityatvāt||

1.22.p6

abhyunujñāne ca dharmādharmaphalena sāhacaryaṃ yaugapadyaṃ gṛhyate| yadidam utpattisthāneṣu dharmādharmaphalaṃ sukhaṃ duḥkhaṃ ca saṃvedyate paryāyeṇa, tasya ca nityasaṃvedanasya ca sahabhāvo yaugapadyaṃ gṛhyeta, na sukhābhāvo nānabhivyaktirasti, ubhayasya nityatvāt|

1.22.p7

anityatve hetuvacanam| atha mokṣe nityasya sukhasya savedanamanityam? yatastadutpadyate sa heturvācyaḥ| ātmamanaḥsaṃyogasya nimittāntarasahitasya hetutvam| tasya sahakārinimittāntaravacanam| ātmamanaḥsaṃyogo heturiti cet? evamapi tasya sahakāri nimittāntaraṃ vacanīyamiti||

1.22.p8

dharmasya kāraṇavacanam| yadi dharmo nimittāntaram? tasya heturvācyo yata utpadyata iti| yogasamādhijasya kāryāvasāyavirodhātprakṣaye saṃvedanenivṛttiḥ| yadi yogasamādhijo dharmo hetuḥ? tasya kāryāvasāyavipodhātprakṣaye saṃvedanam amatyantaṃ nivarteta||

1.22.p9

asaṃvedane cāvidyamānenāviśeṣaḥ| yadi dharmakṣayātsaṃvedanoparamo nityaṃ sukhaṃ na saṃvedyate iti kiṃ vidyamānaṃ na saṃvedyate, athāvidyamānamiti nānumānaṃ viśiṣṭe'satīti|

1.22.p10

aprakṣayaśca dharmasya niranumānamutpattidharmakasyānityatvāt| yogasamādhijo dharmo na kṣīyata iti nāstyanumānam| utpattidharmakamanityamiti viparyayasya tvanumānam| yasya tu saṃvedanoparamo nāsti tena saṃvedanaheturnitya ityanujñeyam||

1.22.p11

nitye ca muktasaṃsārasthayoraviśeṣa ityuktam| yathā muktasya nityaṃ sukhaṃ tatsaṃvedanahetuśca, saṃvedanasya tūparamo nāsti, kāraṇasya nityatvāt, tathā saṃsārasthasyāpīti| evaṃ ca sati dharmādharmaphalena sukhaduḥkhasaṃvedanena sāhacaryaṃ gṛhyeteti||

1.22.p12

śarīrādisambandhaḥ pratibandhaheturiti cet? na, śarīrādīnāmupabhogārthatvāt, viparyayasya cānanumānāt| syānmatam, saṃsārāvasthasya śarīrādisambandho nityasukhasaṃvedanahetoḥ pratibandhakaḥ, tenāviśeṣo nāstīti| etaccāyuktam, śarīrādaya upabhogārthāste bhogapratibandhaṃ kariṣyantītya nupapannam ; na cāstyanumānamaśarīrasyātmano bhogaḥ kaścidastīti||

1.22.p13

iṣṭādhigamārthā pravṛttiriti cet? na, aniṣṭoparamārthatvāt| idam anumānam, iṣṭādhigamārtho mokṣopadeśaḥ pravṛttiśca mumukṣūṇām, nobhayamanarthakamiti| etaccāyuktam, aniṣṭoparamārtho mokṣopadeśaḥ, pravṛttiśca mumukṣūṇāmiti| neṣṭamaniṣṭenānanubaddhaṃ sambhavatīti aniṣṭānubandhāt iṣṭamapyaniṣṭasampadyate, aniṣṭahānāya ca ghaṭamāna iṣṭamapi jahāti, vivekahānasyāśakyatvāditi||

1.22.p14

dṛṣṭātikramaśca dehādiṣu tulyaḥ| yathā dṛṣṭamanityaṃ sukhaṃ parityajya nityaṃ sukhaṃ kāmayate, evaṃ dehendriya buddhīranityā dṛṣṭā anikramya muktasya nityā dehendriyabuddhayaḥ kalpayitavyāḥ, sādhīyaścaivaṃ muktasya caikātmyaṃ kalpitaṃ bhavatīti||

1.22.p15

upapattivirūddhamiti cet? samānam| dehādīnāṃ nityatvaṃ pramāṇavirūddhaṃ kalpayayitumaśakyamiti? samānam| sukhasyāpi tarhi nityatvaṃ pramāṇavirūddhaṃ kalpayitumaśakyamiti||

1.22.p16

ātyantike ca saṃsāraduḥkhābhāve sukhavacanādāgame'pi satyavirodhaḥ| yadyapi kaścidāgamaḥ syāt muktasyātyantikaṃ sukhamiti? sukhaśabda ātyantike duḥkhābhāve prayukta ityevamupapadyate, dṛṣṭo hi duḥkhābhāve sukhaśabdaprayogo bahulaṃloka iti||

1.22.p17

nityasukharāgasyāprahāṇe mokṣādhigamābhāvo rāgasya bandhanasamājñānāt| yadyayaṃ mokṣe nityaṃ sukhamabhivyajyata iti nityasukharāgeṇa mokṣāyaghaṭamānā na mokṣamadhigacchet, nādhigantumarhatīti| bandhanasamājñāto hi rāgaḥ| na ca bandhane satyapi kaścinmukta ityupapadyata iti||